ISSN : 1229-0696
The purposes of this study were to examine the influence of proactive personality on creative behavior, the mediating effect of learning goal orientation in the relationship between proactive personality and creative behavior, the moderating effect of creative self-efficacy in the relationship between proactive personality and learning goal orientation, the moderating effects of organizational creative climate and supervisor support for creativity in the relationship between learning goal orientation and creative behavior. Data were gathered from 330 employees who were working in one organization in Korea. To reduce the effect from the common method bias, the creative behavior was rated by others(three hundred and thirty peers, subordinates, and supervisors). As a result, learning goal orientation partially mediated the relationships between proactive personality and creative behavior. Creative self-efficacy moderated the relationship between proactive personality and learning goal orientation. Organizational creative climate moderated the relationship between learning goal orientation and creative behavior. Also supervisor support for creativity had a moderating effect between learning goal orientation and creative behavior. Finally, implication of results and future research tasks were discussed with limitations.
혜숙 (2009). 대학생의 창의적 문제해결과제 수행에 영향을 미치는 성향, 과제관련지식, 창의적 자기효능감 및 지각된 환경 변인의 효과. 교육심리연구, 23, 15-34.
황애영, 탁진국(2010) 주도성이 주관적 경력성공에 미치는 영향: 프로틴 경력지향의 매개효과를 중심으로. 한국심리학회지: 산업 및 조직, 24, 409-428.
Ajzen, I. (1985). From intentions to actions: A theory of planned behavior. In J. Kuhi & J. Beckmann (Eds.), Action control: From cognition to behavior (pp.11-39). Heidelberg: Springer.
Amabile, T. M. (1983). The social psychology of creativity. New York: Springer-Verlag.
Amabile, T. M. (1988). A model of creativity and innovation in organizations. In B. Staw & L.L. Cummings (Eds), Research in organizational behavior (pp. 124-167). Greenwich, CT: JAI.
Amabile, T. M. (1997). Motivating creativity in organizations: On doing what you love and loving what you do. California Management Review, 40, 39-58.
Amabile, T. M., Conti, R., Coon, T., Lazenby, F., & Herron, M. (1996). Assessing the work environment for creativity. Academy of Management Journal, 39, 1154-1184.
Ames, C., & Archer, J. (1988). Achievement goals in the classroom: Students' learning strategies and motivation processes. Journal of Educational Psychology, 80, 260-267.
Anderson, N. R., & West, M. A. (1998). Measuring climate for work group innovation: Development and validation of the team climate inventory. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 19, 235-258.
Ashford, S. J., & Black, J. S. (1996). Proactivity during organizational entry: The role of desire for control. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81, 199-214.
Bateman, T. S., & Crant, J. M. (1993). The proactive component of organizational behavior. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 14, 103-118.
Becherer, R. C., & Maurer, J. G. (1999). The proactive personality disposition and entrepreneurial behavior among small company presidents. Journal of Small Business Management, 37, 28-36.
Button, S. B., Mathieu, J. E., & Zajac, D. M. (1996). Goal orientation in organizational research: A conceptual and empirical foundation. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 67, 26-48.
Chan, D., & Schmitt, N. (2000). Interindividual differences in intraindividual changes in proactivity during organizational entry: A latent growth modeling approach to understanding newcomer adaptation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85, 190-210.
Ching-Wen, W., & Ruey-Yun, H. (2002). The effects of creative problem solving training on creativity, cognitive type and R&D performance. R&D Management, 32, 35-45.
Choi, J. N. (2004). Individual and contextual predictors of creative performance: The mediating role of psychological processes. Creative Research Journal, 16, 87-199.
Choi, H. S., & Thompson, L. (2005). Old wine in a new bottle: Impact of membership change on group creativity. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 98, 121-132.
Crant, J. M. (1995). The proactive personality scale and objective job performance among real estate agents. Journal of Applied Psychology, 80, 532-537.
Crant, J. M. (1996). The proactive personality scale as a predictor of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Small Business Management, 34, 42-49.
Crant, J. M. (2000). Proactive behavior in organizations. Journal of Management, 26, 435-462.
Dweck, C. S. (1986). Motivational process affecting learning. American Psychologist, 41, 1040-1048.
Dweck C. S. (1999). Self-theories: Their role in motivation, personality, and development. Philadelphia, PA: Psychology Press.
Dweck, C. S., & Elliot, E. (1983). Achievement motivation. In E. Healtherington (Ed.), Handbook of child psychology (Vol. 4, pp.643-691). New York: Wiley.
Egan, T. M. (2005). Factors influencing individual creativity in the workplace: An examination of quantitative empirical research. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 7, 160-181.
Elliot, A. J., & McGregor, H. A. (2001). A 2X2 achievement goal framework. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80, 501-514.
Ekvall, G. (1996). Organizational climate for creativity and innovation. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5, 105-123.
Ekvall, G. (1999). Creative organizational climate. In M. A. Runco & S. R. Pritzker (Eds.), Encyclopedia of creativity (Vol. 1, pp.403-412). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
Frese, M., Teng, E., & Wijnen, C. J. (1999). Helping to improve suggestion systems: Predictors of making suggestions in companies. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 20, 1139- 1155.
Flynn, L. R., & Goldsmith, R. E. (1993). A validation of the Goldsmith and Hofacker Innovativeness Scale. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 53, 1105-1116.
Gelade, G. A. (2002). Creative style, personality, and artistic endeavor. Genetic, Social and General Psychology Monographs, 128, 213-234.
Gough, H. G. (1979). A creative personality scale for the adjective checklist. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 1398-1405.
Geroge, J. M., & Zhou, J. (2001). When openness to experience and conscientiousness are related to creative behavior: An interactional approach. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 513-524.
Hennessey, B. A., & Amabile, T. M. (1998). The conditions of creativity. In R. J. Sternberg (Ed.), The nature of creativity (pp. 11-38). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
Hough, L. M., & Schneider, R. J. (1996). Personality traits, taxonomies, and applications in organizations. In K. R. Murphy (Ed.). Individual differences and behavior in organizations (pp.31-88). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
IBM (2010). 2010 IBM global CEO study. New York: IBM corporation.
Janssen, O., & Van Yperen, N. W. (2004). Employees’ goal orientations, the quality of leader-member exchange, and the outcomes of job performance and job satisfaction. Academy of Management Journal, 47, 368-382.
Kanfer, R. (1992). Work Motivation: New directions in theory and research. In C. L., Cooper & I. T. Robertson(Eds.), International review of industrial and organizational psychology (pp.1-53). London: Wiley.
Kanfer, R., & Heggestad, E. D. (1997). Motivational traits and skills: A person- centered approach to work motivation. In L. L. Cummings & B. M. Staw(Eds)., Research in organizational behavior (Vol. 19, pp.1-56). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, Inc.
Kim, T. Y., Cable, D. M., & Kim, S. P. (2005). Socialization tactics, employee proactivity, and person-organization fit. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90, 232-241.
Kim, T. Y., Hon, A. H. Y., & Grant, J. M. (2009). Proactive personality, employee creativity, and newcomer outcomes: A longitudinal study. Journal of business and psychology, 24, 93-103.
Lemons, G. K. (2005). A qualitative investigation of college students’ creative self-efficacy. Ph.D thesis, University of Northern Colorado.
Lock, E. A., & Kirkpatrick, S. A. (1995). Promoting creativity in organizations. In C. M. Ford & D. A. Gioia (Eds.). Creative action in organizations: Ivory tower visions & real world voices (pp.115-120). London: Sage.
Madjar, N., Oldham, G. R., & Pratt, M. G. (2002). There’s no place like home? The contributions of work and non-work creativity support to employees’ creative performance. Academy of Management Journal, 45, 757-767.
Mischel, W. (1968). Personality and assessment. New York: John Wiley.
Mumford, M. D., Scott, G. M., Gaddis, B., & Strange, J. M. (2002). Leading creative people: orchestrating expertise and relationships. Leadership Quarterly, 13, 705-750.
Nicholls, J. G. (1984). The development of the concepts of effort and ability, perception of academic attainment, and the understanding that difficult tasks require more ability. Child Development, 49, 800-814.
Oldham, G. R., & Cummings, A. (1996). Employee creativity: Personal and contextual factors at work. Academy of Management Journal, 39, 607-634.
Parker, S. K. (1998). Enhancing role breath self-efficacy: The roles of job enrichment and other organizational interventions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84, 835-852.
Parker, S. K., & Collins, C. (2005). Proving oneself or developing oneself? How goal orientations relate to proactive behavior at work. Paper presented at the 6th Australian industrial and organizational psychology conference.
Scott, S. G., & Bruce, R. A. (1994). Determinants of innovative behavior: A path model of individual innovation in the workplace. Academy of Management Journal, 37, 580-607.
Seibert, S. E., Crant, J. M., & Kraimer, M. L. (1999). Proactive personality and career success. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84, 217-416.
Seibert, S. E., Kraimer, M. L., & Crant, J. M. (2001). What do proactive people do? A longitudinal model linking proactive personality and career success. Personnel Psychology, 54, 845-874.
Sheldon, K. M. (1995). Creativity and self- determination in personality. Creativity Differences Journal, 8, 25-36.
Shin, S., & Zhou, J. (2003). Transformational leadership, conservation, and creativity: Evidence from Korea. Academy of Management Journal, 48, 703-714.
Simonton, D. K. (1999). Creativity and genius. In L. A. Pervin & O. P. John (Eds)., Handbook of personality: Theory and research (2nd Eds.) (pp.629-652) New York: Guilford Press.
Sobel, M. E. (1982). A symptom intervals for indirect effects in structure equations models. In S. Leinhart(Ed.), Sociological methodology (pp.290-312). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Sujan, H., Weitz, B. A., & Kumar, N. (1994). Learning orientation, working smart, and effective selling. Journal of Marketing, 58, 39-52.
Sundgren, M., Dimenas, E., Gustafsson, J. E., & Selart, M. (2005). Drivers of organizational creativity: a path model of creative climate in pharmaceutical R&D. R&D Management, 35, 359-374.
Tett, R. P., & Guterman, H. A. (2000). Situation trait relevance, trait expression, and cross- situational consistency: Testing a principle or trait activation. Journal of Research in Personality, 34, 397-423.
Tett, R. P., & Burnett, D. D. (2003). A personality trait-based interactionist model of job performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 500-517.
Thompson, J. A. (2005). Proactive personality and job performance: A social capital perspective. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90, 1011-1017.
Tierney, P., Farmer, S. M. & Green, G. B. (1999). An examination of leadership and employee creativity: The relevance of traits and relationships. Personnel Psychology, 52, 591-620.
Tierney, P., & Farmer, S. M. (2002). Creative self-efficacy: Its potential antecedents and relationship to creative performance. Academy of Management Journal, 45, 1137-1148.
Van Dyne, L., Vandewalle, D., Kostova, T., Latham, M. E., & Cummings, L. L. (2000). Collectivism propensity to trust and self-esteem as predictors of organizational citizenship in a non-work setting. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 21, 3-23.
VandeWalle, D. (1997). Development and validation of a work domain goal orientation instrument. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 57, 995-1015.
VandeWalle, D., Brown, S. P., Cron, W. L. & Slocum, J. W. (1999). The influence of goal orientation and self-regulation tactics on sales performance: A longitudinal field test. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84, 249-259.
VandeWalle, D., Cron, W. L. & Slocum, J. W. (2001). The role of goal orientation following performance feedback. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 629-640.
Woodman, R. W., Sawyer, J. E., & Griffin, R. W. (1993). Toward a theory of organizational creativity. Academy of Management Review, 18, 293-332.
Wycoff, E. B., & Pryor, B. (2003). Cognitive processing, creativity, apprehension, and the humorous personality. North American Journal of Psychology, 5, 31-44.
Zhou, J., & Oldham, G. R. (2001). Enhancing creative performance: Effects of expected developmental assessment strategies and creative personality. Journal of Creative Behavior, 35, 151-167.
Zhou, J. (2003). When the presence of creative coworkers is related to creativity: Role of supervisor close monitoring, developmental feedback, and creative personality. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 413-422.
Zhou, J., & George, J. M. (2001). When job dissatisfaction leads to creativity: Encouraging the expression of voice. Academy of Management Journal, 44,. 682-696.
Zweig, D., & Webster, J. (2004). What are we measuring? An examination of the relationships between goal orientation, the big-five personality traits and performance intentions. Personality and Individual Differences, 36, 1693-1708.