ISSN : 1229-0696
본 연구의 목적은 행동에 대한 강화가 즉각적으로 제공되는 상황과 지연되어 제공되는 상황에서 규칙의 구체성이 수행에 미치는 영향을 검증하는 것이었다. 이를 검증하기 위하여 C대학 대학생 80명을 대상으로 이요인 집단 간 비교 실험을 실시하였다. 참가자들은 강화의 지연성(즉각/지연), 규칙의 구체성(구체/포괄)에 따라 네 집단에 무선할당 되었고 가상은행업무 과제를 수행하였다. 실험 결과, 강화가 지연되어 제공되는 상황에서는 구체적인 규칙을 제공받은 집단의 수행이 포괄적인 규칙을 제공받은 집단의 수행보다 유의미하게 높았다. 그러나 강화가 즉각적으로 제공되는 상황에서는 규칙의 구체성에 따른 수행의 차이가 없었다. 본 연구를 통해 즉각적인 강화 제공이 어려운 대부분의 조직 상황에서 근로자들에게 구체적인 규칙을 사용하는 것이 보다 효과적인 방법이라는 것이 확인되었다.
This study examined the effects of reinforcement delay and rule explicitness on performance. A 2 (immediate vs. delayed reinforcement) x 2 (explicit vs. implicit rule) factorial design was used. Eighty college students were recruited as participants and were randomly assigned to the four experimental groups. They performed a simulated work task and the dependent variable was the number of the work task correctly completed. Results indicated that in the delayed reinforcement condition, performance for the group who was given an explicit rule was higher than that for the group who was given an implicit rule. In the immediate reinforcement condition, however, performance for both groups was comparable.
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