본 연구의 목적은 투사적 동일시의 개념을 소개하고 그것의 치료적 활용을 고찰하는 것이다. 투사적 동일시는 Klein이 제안한 개념으로 내담자가 스스로 감당하지 못하는 감정이나 충동을 치료자에게 유발하는 기제를 말한다. 이 기제는 흔히 강력한 역전이 반응을 유발하며, 그 과정을 인식하고 효과적으로 대처하기가 어렵기 때문에 치료에 부정적인 영향을 미치기 쉽다. 하지만 제대로 대처하면 내담자에 대한 이해를 돕고 내담자의 심리적 성장을 촉진할 수 있는 중요한 통로가 될 수 있다. 이 개념은 1940년대에 제시된 이후 그 기능에 대한 이해가 발전되어 왔고, 그 적용 범위도 확대되어 왔다. 본고에서는 이 개념의 역사적 배경과 발달 과정을 소개하고, 이 개념을 둘러싼 주요한 이론적 논쟁을 검토하였다. 또한 투사적 동일시의 방어적 목적을 설명하고 발달적 목적으로서 의사소통 기능을 제시하였다. 마지막으로 치료과정에서 나타나는 투사적 동일시를 다루는 방법으로 담아내기, 역전이의 활용, 해석 등을 고찰하였다.
The purpose of this paper was to present the concept of projective identification and discuss its therapeutic use. Projective identification refers to the mechanism by which the clients induce their intolerable feelings or impulses within the therapist. This mechanism tends to provoke strong countertransference reactions and can have a negative impact on therapy. However, if properly understood, it can be an invaluable source of information that can help to understand the clients' inner dynamics. In this paper, the historical background and development of this concept was reviewed and some related issues of theoretical controversy were examined. In addition, the purposes or functions of projective identification were explained. Finally, ways of dealing with projective identification in therapy, including containment, the use of countertransference, and interpretation were discussed.
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