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본 연구에서는 일과 가족을 병행하는 한국의 기혼 취업 여성들의 환경적지지, 개인특성, 일-가족 양립 경험의 구조적 관계에 대한 모형을 검증하였다. 만 18세 이하의 자녀를 적어도 한 명 이상 둔 전국에 거주하는 기혼인 취업 여성 302명의 자료를 분석한 결과, 연구에 참여한 기혼 직장여성들은 일과 가족을 병행하는 과정에서 ‘일-가족 갈등’보다는 ‘일-가족 향상’을 더 높게 경험하는 것으로 나타났으며, 일과 가정에서 받는 ‘사회적지지’는 여성의 ‘우울’에 유의미하게 부적인 영향을 주어 ‘일-가족 갈등’을 완화했다. 또한 기혼 여성이 지각하는 ‘사회적지지’가 높을수록 여성이 적극적인 문제해결 전략인 ‘문제-중심 대처’를 사용하는 것이 증가하여, ‘일-가족 향상’을 높게 경험하는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구는 한국의 기혼 취업 여성들이 일-가족을 병행하는데 있어서 사회적지지, 여성 개인의 인지적 대처, 정서적 경험의 중요성과 갈등 및 향상이 발생하는 과정에 대한 이해의 틀을 제공하였다는데 의의가 있다. 기혼 취업 여성의 상담 및 교육적 접근에서 가지는 시사점과 제한점, 추후연구를 위한 제언들에 대해 논의하였다.
The present study hypothesize a model of the mediating mechanisms of problem-focused coping and depression in the relationship between social support and work-family conflict(WFC)/enhancement(WFE) among Korean Working mothers. Survey data from 302 married working mothers with at least one child under the age of 18, were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results indicated that (a) Social support were associated with lower WFC and higher WFE. (b) WFC and WFE were negatively related, but the correlation was very mild. (c) Problem-focused coping and depression showed significant differences in the effect on WFC and WFE, suggesting WFC and WFE are different constructs with distinct antecedents and different paths. In the influence of social support on WFC and WFE, problem-focused coping associated with WFE. Depression associated with WFC, and there is no significant effect on WFE. Implications and limitations of this study and counseling intervention for working mothers in Korea are discussed.
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