바로가기메뉴

본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기

ACOMS+ 및 학술지 리포지터리 설명회

  • 한국과학기술정보연구원(KISTI) 서울분원 대회의실(별관 3층)
  • 2024년 07월 03일(수) 13:30
 

logo

대졸자들의 취업 여부에 따른 정신건강의 변화

The Change of Mental Health according to the State of Employment among the University Graduates

한국심리학회지: 일반 / Korean Journal of Psychology: General, (P)1229-067X; (E)2734-1127
2006, v.25 no.1, pp.65-87
장재윤 (성신여자대학교)
신희천 (아주대학교)
장은영 (Iowa State Univ)
  • 다운로드 수
  • 조회수

초록

본 연구는 청년들의 취업 및 실업 경험이 정신건강에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 종단적으로 알아보는 데 목적이 있다. 구체적으로 대학을 졸업하고 난 이후에 지속적으로 미취업 상태로 남아있는 사람들의 정신건강의 문제 그리고 취업에 성공하는 경험이 정신건강의 변화에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 한다. 이를 위해서 국내 대학교 4학년생들을 대상으로 1차 조사를 실시하고 이후 약 6개월 간격으로 2차 조사, 3차 및 4차 조사를 실시하였다. 네 시점에서 모두 응답자들의 취업여부를 조사하고 정신건강을 우울・불안 차원과 부적응 차원으로 측정하였다. 4차 조사까지 모두 응답한 560명 중에서 2차, 3차 및 4차 시점의 취업여부에 의해서 집단을 다음과 같이 나누었다: 2차, 3차 및 4차 시점 순서대로, 모두 취업 상태인 집단(‘취업-취업-취업 집단’), 3차 시점에서 취업에 성공한 집단(‘미취업-취업-취업 집단’), 4차 시점에서 취업에 성공한 집단(‘미취업-미취업-취업 집단’) 그리고 모두 미취업 상태인 집단(‘미취업-미취업-미취업 집단’). 각 집단별로 취업여부에 따른 정신건강의 변화를 살펴본 결과, 취업 성공 및 실업 경험은 우울・불안의 변화에 영향을 미쳤다. 취업에 성공한 사람들은 취업 전 시점에 비해 우울・불안 수준이 낮아졌으며, 장기간 미취업 상태에 남아있는 사람들은 졸업 3개월 후인 3차 시점에서 우울・불안 수준이 높아지다가 시간이 지나면서 다소 완화되는 경향을 보였다. 반면에, 부적응 수준은 취업의 성공 및 실패에 따라 민감하게 변화하지 않았다. 끝으로 본 연구의 시사점과 제한점 및 장래 연구의 과제가 논의되었다.

keywords
취업, 실업, 청년실업, 정신건강, 종단연구, GHQ, employment, unemployment, youth unemployment, mental health, longitudinal study, GHQ.

Abstract

This longitudinal study investigated the change of mental health according to the state of employment among the university graduates. The purpose of this study had two folds. First purpose was to evaluate the effect of long term youth unemployment experience on the mental health. Second purpose was to examine the effect of employment experience on the mental health among the university graduates. To achieve this research purpose, we designed longitudinal study composed by four surveys at six-month intervals. At all four points, participants were asked to answer GHQ (General Health Questionnaire) to measure the level of mental health. GHQ consists of depression anxiety subscale and disadjustment subscale. The data from 560 graduates who were identified whether employed or not were used for final analysis. We divided this data into four groups: First, ‘employment-employment-employment group(G1)’ was composed by the graduates who were employed at T2, T3 and T4. Second, ‘unemployment- employment- employment group(G2)’ was composed by the graduates who were employed at T3 and T4. Third, ‘unemployment-unemployment-employment group(G3)’ was composed by the graduates who were employed at T4. Fourth, ‘unemployment-unemployment-unemployment group(G4)’ was composed by the graduates who were unemployed during all four points. The results showed that the employment had positive effect on the emotional mental health at the point of job achievement, and that the long term youth unemployment resulted in the negative changes of the emotional mental health(GHQ-depression anxiety). The implications and limitations of this study were discussed and future directions of study were suggested.

keywords
취업, 실업, 청년실업, 정신건강, 종단연구, GHQ, employment, unemployment, youth unemployment, mental health, longitudinal study, GHQ.

참고문헌

1.

(2005) 일자리 없는 추석은 서럽다,

2.

(2005) 취업,구직자단념자 多 늘었다, 동아일보

3.

(2001) 한국판 일반정신건강척도(KGHQ)의 개발에 관한 연구 Ⅰ: KGHQ-20과 KGHQ-30을 중심으로,

4.

(2003) 대학 4학년생의 성격특성과 성별에 따른 취업스트레스 및 정신건강,

5.

(2004) 청년실업이 정신건강에 미치는 영향에 대한 종단연구,

6.

(1991) Alcohol use among young adults in 1988:Results from the national Longitudinal Survey of youth,

7.

(2003) The relationship among psychological distress and drug use over time in a sample of female welfare recipients ,

8.

(2002) self-esteem and social support among young unemployed people: A population-based study ,

9.

(1978) Youth in transition Adolescence to adulthood-change and stability in the lives of young mean Institute for Social Research,

10.

(1982) Unemployment and risk of minor psychiatric disorder in young people,

11.

(1998) Street youth and criminal violence,

12.

(1995) Inferring the meaning of work from the effects of unemployment ,

13.

(1990) A comparison of the affective well-being of young and middle-aged unemployed men matched for length of unemployment,

14.

(1999) Improving mental health status and coping abilities for long-term unemployed youth using cognitive-behaviour therapy based interventions ,

15.

(2001) The relative effects of deprivation of the latent and manifest benefits of employment on the wellbeing of unemployed people,

16.

(2001) The role of satisfaction with occupational status financial strain and categories of experience in predicting mental health in the unemployed,

17.

(2001) Economic deprivation, experiential deprivation and social loneliness in unemployed and employed youth,

18.

(2003) Age, gender, psychological wellbeing and the impact of losing the latent and manifest benefits of employment in unemployed people,

19.

(1998) Underemployment and alcohol abuse in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth,

20.

(1995) Benefit Agency? Labour market disadvantage, deprivation and mental health,

21.

(1997) Unemployment, joblessness, psychological well-being and self-esteem: Theory and evidence,

22.

(1993) Health consequences of employment and unemployment:Longitudinal evidence for young men and women,

23.

(1980) The effects of unemployment on the psychosocial development of school-leavers,

24.

(1994) Health consequences of youth unemployment:Review from a gender perspective,

25.

(1997) Nervous and depressive symptoms in a longitudinal study of youth unemployment Selection or exposure? ,

26.

(2002) Unemployment and health behaviour after leaving school The influence of unemployment level,

27.

(1997) Youth unemployment and psychological distress in the Republic of Ireland ,

28.

(2004) Self-esteem, affectivity, and deprivation: Predictors of well-being in the unemployed,

29.

(1980) Drug and drinking behavior among youth,

30.

(2003) Long-term unemployment among young people:The risk of social exclusion,

31.

(1992) Elaboration of the relationship international Journal of Health Services,

32.

(2005) Psychological and physical well-being during unemployment: A Meta-Analytic Study ,

33.

(1994) A cohort study of unemployment as a cause of psychological disturbance in Australian youth,

34.

(2004) Early work as a source of developmental discontinuity during the transition to adulthood,

35.

(1999) The effect of unemployment on mental health,

36.

(1997) Long-term unemployment amongst adolescents:A longitudinal study,

37.

(1984) Unemployment and youth:A longitudinal study,

38.

(1997) Effect of underemployment on school-leavers' self-esteem,

39.

(1997) Youth unemployment and mental health:Some Dutch findings,

40.

(2003) Difficult work conditions and youths' mental health:Selection or causation,

41.

(1997) Introduction to the psychological effects of youth unemployment:International perspectives,

42.

(1992) Spare time use and psychological well-being in employed and unemployed young people Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology,

43.

(1993) Growing up with unemployment A longitudinal study of its psychological impact,

44.

(1993) Growing up with unemployment A longitudinal study of its psychological impact,

한국심리학회지: 일반