Korean Journal of Psychology: General
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- KOREAN
- P-ISSN1229-067X
- E-ISSN2734-1127
- KCI
ISSN : 1229-067X
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Vol.38 No.2
Abstract
Self-report is often used to measure people's attitudes in the field of social science. However, people often do not reveal their true attitudes. Therefore, this study aims to verify the validity of self-report related to sexual attitudes based on correlation between implicit attitudes and self-report. For this purpose, 161 college students completed measures related to sexual attitudes (i.e. voluptuous sex, immoral sexual idea) about themselves and general college students. In addition, the Implicit Association Test(IAT) was conducted to measure their implicit sociosexuality. The results of the pairwise t-test showed that subjects rated themselves as having significantly lower voluptuous sex, immoral sexual idea, instrumental sex, sexual impulsivity, and sociosexuality, but higher sexual responsibility, compared with others. Also, all identical variables about the ‘self’ and ‘others’ were significantly correlated. Finally, negative correlations between the results of IAT and the report concerning ‘others’ on voluptuous sex and sociosexuality were obtained. These results implied that social desirability influences people’s responses on variables related to sexual attitudes. Thus, our study suggests self-report studies on sensitive subjects like sexual attitude warrant special caution in the interpretation of their results.
Abstract
Zhongyong, which plays an adaptive role in both intrapersonal and interpersonal problems, may be an ideal approach to resolving interpersonal conflicts. This study aimed to examine the positive role of Zhongyong in the interpersonal context and develope a program to cultivate the Zhongyong attitude. The assertiveness training group was selected as a comparative group. In study 1, we analyzed the correlations between Zhongyong and interpersonal relationship variables such as interpersonal problems, empathy, and conflict management strategies. The results of analyzing the data of 274 college students showed that the higher the Zhongyong attitude, the fewer the interpersonal problems, the higher the perspective-taking and empathic concern, and the lower the personal distress of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index(IRI). Integrating and compromising strategies of the Modified Rahim Organizational Conflict Inventory-II(ROCI-II) had also showed positive correlation with Zhongyong. In study 2, the effects of the four-session Zhongyong attitude cultivating program and assertiveness training program were compared. Eleven people were assigned to each group and a total of four 2-hour sessions were held. Interpersonal problems, conflict management strategies, empathy, life satisfaction, and the self-esteem were measured pre- and post-training, and 4 weeks later. As a result, both groups have been effective in reducing interpersonal problems. In addition, Zhongyong attitude cultivating program tended to show relatively better effectiveness in life satisfaction, self-esteem, empathy ability and positive conflict management strategies. In the general discussion section, the implications and limitations of this study and suggestions for future research were discussed.
Abstract
In multi-group analysis, measurement invariance is a requirement for meaningful comparisons between groups. Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis (MG CFA) has been widely used for group comparisons. However, MG CFA is appropriate for comparisons with a small number of groups and is limited for a large number of groups, in particular, in cross-cultural comparative studies. To overcome the limitation of MG CFA, this study described alternative approaches: multilevel confirmatory factor analysis (ML CFA) and multilevel factor mixture modeling (ML FMM), which are effective for comparing more than 10 groups. In ML CFA, its advantages and disadvantages were described by introducing two models: random intercept models that estimate only intercepts as random effects and random intercept and loading models that estimate intercepts and factor loadings as random effects. Specifically, this study presented theoretical models for the two methods and procedures for testing measurement invariances. In addition, this study discussed advantages of ML CFA, relative to those of MG CFA, and several points that should be considered when applying ML CFA. And, as an example of applying ML CFA, this study conducted latent means analysis across countries for instrumental motivation of science and enjoyment perceived by students using the PISA 2015 data. Finally, implications of this study and future research directions were discussed.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore determinants of turnover of Korean employees. After developing interview questionnaire and survey, research team have set its process through preliminary interview and pilot test for consnsual qualitative research. A total of 12 participants were interviewed, the team of 5 researchers and 1 supervisor were configured to review and analyze the results of data. The main domains were created on the basis of results from each turnover experience of participants, and followed with sub-domain and finally the categories were created accordingly. As a results, 2 main domains were reason for turnover and reason for stay(job embeddedness); 15 sub domains were created in each main domain, and 33 categories were created in each sub domains, and 53 sub categories were created in each categories. The findings showed that Korean employees leave their job for reason concerning their work and organization mainly, not their external reason. The reason for stay, however, is strongly influenced by personal career and relationship. The implication, limitation, future suggestion were discussed.
Abstract
In this study, the Korean-Parenting Stress Index 4th Edition(K-PSI-4) was developed by translating the Parenting Stress Index 4th Edition(PSI-4), and standardization was carried out. In order to solve the problem of awkward translation of Korean-Parenting Stress Index(K-PSI) and to produce more clear statements, all the items were re-translated by 3-step translation process, and finally completed through consultation from experts and parents. 1,333 parents of typically developing children (age range: 1 to 12 years) answered health-related questionnaire, K-PSI-4, Parental Confidence Questionnaire for preschooler or child, and 36-Item Short Form Health Survey(SF-36). After 2-4 weeks, parents who agreed in advance answered K-PSI-4 retest or K-PSI, Korean-Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 1.5-5(K-CBCL 1.5-5) or Korean-Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 6-18(K-CBCL 6-18), Patient Health Questionnaire 9(PHQ-9), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7(GAD-7). In order to develop the norms, K-PSI-4 score differences between sex and age of children were analyzed. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were calculated to verify the reliability. K-PSI-4 was administered to parents of children with mental disorder and parents of typically developing children in order to verify discriminant validity. Concurrent validity was verified by conducting correlation analysis between K-PSI-4 and other measures, and by analyzing differences in parental confidence according to the level of parenting stress. Convergent validity was confirmed by correlation analysis between subscales and domains of K-PSI-4. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to identify the factor structure of K-PSI-4 along the structure of PSI-4. The results confirmed that K-PSI-4 was psychometrically reliable and valid tool for parenting stress. Finally, the implications and limitations of this standardization study were discussed.