Korean Journal of Psychology: General
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- KOREAN
- P-ISSN1229-067X
- E-ISSN2734-1127
- KCI
ISSN : 1229-067X
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Vol.23 No.1
Abstract
This study present the types of leisure activity and the degree of leisure satisfaction on demographic variables, and the relationship between types of leisure activity and leisure satisfaction, through examining factor structure in leisure satisfaction scale. The types of leisure activity appeared to be different according to gender, age, education level, career, and marriage state. The factor structure of leisure satisfaction shows that it consist of six factors (health, achievement, interest, self-development, free time, and personal relations). The leisure satisfactions in overall, health, achievement, interest, self-development, free time, and personal relations were different according to the demographic variables. The leisure satisfactions in overall, health, achievement, interest, self-development, free time, and personal relations were different according to the types of leisure activity. Finally, we discussed significances and limitations of this study, and suggested future directions for further research.
Abstract
This study was desigened to explore the differences in development of three different groups; namely, 30 preterms at risk, 30 full-terms at risk, and 30 normal infants. Specifically, the purpose of this study was to investigate the cognitive and motor development based on Korean Bayley Scales of Infant Development-Ⅱ(K-BSID-Ⅱ, 2004) and Korean Type Developmental Test for Infants and Toddlers(K-TDTIT, 2002). The data were analyzed through ANOVA to find out the developmental quotients between the groups and the correlations of the domains. As a result, there were shown different levels of achievements in motor and cognitive development according to the K-BSID-Ⅱ; normal infants received higher scores than the other two groups. Also, from the K-TDTIT, preterms at risk and full-terms at risk showed lower levels of development than normal infants in the cognitive-adaptive domain. Furthermore, there was significant correlation between the psychomotor developmental index and mental developmental index from the K-BSID-Ⅱ. In the aspect of domains from the K-TDTIT, normal infants showed significant correlations with every other domain except the fine motor domain though preterms at risk showed significant correlation in the same domain. Authors suggest that details of the developmental comparisons at risk infants can be found when institutional and social policy support would be more effective.
Abstract
When a test comprises of multiple testlets, it is very difficult to estimate factor structure and reliability of the data collected by the test. A testlet is defined by a scenario or passage and response alternatives following it. A testlet-based test suffers difficulties of estimating factor structure because the method factors are confounded with substance factors and of estimating reliability because the measurement errors are not independent and local independence is severely challenged. In the present study, we propose an approach of applying a series of confirmatory factor analysis to analyze the data prepared in the form of multitrait-multimethod data. The approach varies depending on whether the situation effect is fixed or random. In the specification search, we adopt correlated uniqueness model to avoid estimation problems when both trait factor(s) and method factor(s) exist in a model. The final model can be transformed to a correlated uniqueness model or a method factor model depending on whether situation effect is of random effect or fixed effect. In this process, we can estimate item reliability and in turn test reliability.
Abstract
The first stage of lexical development was examined with 563 Korean infants between 8 and 17 months of age. The results show that infants understood 3 times more words than they produced and production reached a 50-word milestone at around 17 months. Also girls produced more words than boys but there was no difference in comprehension. Finally, verbs occupy only 4% of total production vocabulary, whereas nominals(broadly defined) or nouns (narrowly defined) accounted for 71% or 27% of total production vocabulary. The results were compared with English- and Italian-speaking infants‘ data in the literature and revealed more similarities than differences in the composition of early productive vocabularies among different languages.
Abstract
Research on culture travel, culture contact and acculturation have increased dramatically since the 1980's. The research not only increased in quantity, but also went through qualitative development with the establishment of theoretical paradigms with reference to psychological theories in various fields. This paper reviews the major concepts such as between- and within-society contact, culture shock and psychological acculturation, and consequences of acculturation. It also examines major research topics for various acculturating groups such as immigrants, sojourners, refugees, ethnocultural groups and tourists. The developments in research in major theoretical paradigms, culture learning, stress, coping and adjustment, social identification theory, and Berry's acculturation theory were reviewed. Finally challenges for future research in acculturation and the need for research on the Korean situation were discussed.
Abstract
Two studies were conducted to examine the relationship between hindsight bias and causal reasoning. It was hypothesized that the tendency toward seeking confirming causes disproportionately in explaining a given event would be responsible for the occurrence of hindsight bias. Study 1 found that when participants were explicitly manipulated to consider disconfirming causes, they were less likely to exhibit hindsight bias than otherwise. Study 2 examined the relationship between attributional complexity and hindsight bias. Those with high attributional complexity were hypothesized to be more likely than those with low attributional complexity to generate confirming causes in attribution, hence a greater degree of hindsight bias. This hypothesis was also confirmed. Implications and future research were discussed.