바로가기메뉴

본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기

logo

ISSN : 1229-067X

논문 상세

이전 다음
논문 투고

Vol.27 No.1
Citation Share

성인 ADHD 성향군의 회귀억제와 반응억제 결함

Inhibition of Return and Response Inhibition Deficits in Adults with ADHD Tendency

한국심리학회지: 일반 / Korean Journal of Psychology: General, (P)1229-067X; (E)2734-1127
2008, v.27 no.1, pp.179-196
정진영 (경북대학교)
곽호완 (경북대학교)
장문선 (경북대학교)
정진영, 곽호완, & 장문선. (2008). 성인 ADHD 성향군의 회귀억제와 반응억제 결함. 한국심리학회지: 일반, 27(1), 179-196.
  • 다운로드 수
  • 조회수
PDF 다운로드

초록

본 연구에서는 세 가지 웹-기반 실험과제를 이용하여 성인 ADHD 성향군의 회귀억제 결함과 반응억제 결함을 검토하고자 하였다. 구체적으로, 회귀억제과제를 실시한 후 통제군과 비교하여 성인 ADHD 성향군이 회귀억제력에서 결함이 있는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 그리고 연속수행과제와 스트룹과제를 실시한 후 통제군과 비교하여 ADHD 성향군이 반응 억제능력과 지속적 주의에서도 결함이 있는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 회귀억제과제에서 ADHD 성향군과 통제군의 반응시간을 비교한 결과, ADHD 성향군은 통제군에 비해 더 적은 회귀억제량을 보였으며, ADHD 성향군은 통제군에 비해 정반응률이 유의미하게 낮았다. 연속수행과제에서 ADHD 성향군과 통제군의 수행을 비교한 결과, ADHD 성향군이 통제군보다 오경보의 수가 더 많았으나 누락오류 수와 반응시간에서는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 마지막으로 스트룹과제 수행결과, 스트룹 간섭량과 정반응률에서 집단 간의 차이는 유의미하지 않았으나, 스트룹 간섭량 패턴에서 ADHD 성향군과 통제군의 패턴이 다르게 나타났다. 이러한 결과들을 종합하면, ADHD 성향군이 효율적인 주의억제와 반응억제를 실행하는데 어려움이 있고, 충동적이며 지속적인 주의를 유지하는 데 결함이 있는 것으로 생각된다. 본 연구의 결과들을 기초로, 성인 ADHD 성향군의 주의, 반응억제 등의 세부증상의 특성을 이해하는데 유용할 수 있고 이를 바탕으로 ADHD 성인을 진단하는 지표들을 마련하는 데 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다. 마지막으로, 향후 임상표본을 대상으로 본 연구 결과를 일반화시키기 위한 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

keywords
ADHD, Inhibition of Return, response inhibition, continuous performance test, Stroop test, 성인 ADHD, 회귀억제, 반응 억제, 연속수행과제, 스트룹과제, ADHD, Inhibition of Return, response inhibition, continuous performance test, Stroop test

Abstract

This study examined inhibition of return(IOR) and response inhibition deficits in adults with ADHD tendency using three web-based neuropsychological experiments. Specifically, using an IOR task in Exp. 1., we tested whether the amount of IOR in adults with ADHD would be decreased compared to control group. In Exp. 2 and 3, we also examined whether adults with ADHD tendency would show deficits in response inhibition compared to control group, using a continuous performance test(CPT) and a Stroop task. As results, 1) we found that ADHD tendency group showed less IOR compared to control group. 2) ADHD tendency group showed less response accuracy than control group. We then compared ADHD tendency group with controls performance in the CPT task. As a result, the ADHD tendency group showed more commission errors than the control group. Finally, the amount of stroop interference in Stroop task was not significant, while there was an interesting three-way interaction among the stroop, IOR and group conditions. These results suggest that ADHD tendency group had difficulties in efficient employment-deployment of attention, as shown in the IOR task. Moreover, the group difference in commission error obtained in CPT suggests that adults with ADHD tendency have deficits in response inhibition. Taken together, the result of the present study may be useful in understanding the characteristic of specific symptoms in adults with ADHD tendency. Further research is needed to generalize these results to clinically diagnosed patients with ADHD.

keywords
ADHD, Inhibition of Return, response inhibition, continuous performance test, Stroop test, 성인 ADHD, 회귀억제, 반응 억제, 연속수행과제, 스트룹과제, ADHD, Inhibition of Return, response inhibition, continuous performance test, Stroop test

참고문헌

1.

곽호완 (1996). 회귀억제효과로 본 억제적 주의과정의 기제. 한국심리학회지: 실험 및 인지, 8(2), 133-145.

2.

곽호완, 장문선 (2007). 성인 ADHD 경향성에 대한 웹기반 실험신경심리연구: 회귀억제, 스트룹 및 내생-외생 주의과제. 한국심리학회지: 임상, 26(4). 1039-1055.

3.

김미연 (2003). 연속수행과제에 나타난 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 아동의 주의의 특징. 아주대학교 석사학위논문.

4.

김호영, 이주영, 조상수, 이임순, 김지혜 (2005). 한국판 Conners 성인 ADHD 평정척도의 신뢰도 및 타당도 연구: 대학생 표본을 중심으로. 한국심리학회지: 임상, 24(1), 171-185.

5.

송현주 (2003). 정신분열병 환자의 회귀억제 : Posner 패러다임 회귀억제, 대상기반 회귀억제, 위치기반 회귀억제 비교. 연세대학교 박사학위논문.

6.

송현주, 권미경, 오경자, 김민식, 하은혜, 송동호, 신민섭 (2004). ADHD 아동의 회귀억제 결함. 한국심리학회지: 임상, 23(1), 243-251.

7.

American Psychiatric Association (1994). Diagnostic and Statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

8.

Barkley, R. A. (1997). Behavioral inhibition, sustained attention, and executive functions: Constructing a unifying theory of ADHD. Psychological Bulletin, 121(1), 65-94.

9.

Barkley, R. A. (1999). Response inhibition in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities, 5, 177-184.

10.

Barkley, R. A. (2001). The executive functions and self-regulation: An evolutionary neuropsychological perspective. Neuropsychology Review, 11, 1-29.

11.

Barkley, R. A., Fischer, M., Edelbrock, C. S., & Smallish, L. (1990). The adolescent outcome of hyperactive children diagnosed by research criteria. I: An 8-year prospective follow-up study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 29, 546-557.

12.

Castellanos, F. X., & Tannock, R. (2002). Neuroscience of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: The search for endophenotypes. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 3, 617-628.

13.

Corbett, B., & Stanczak, D. E. (1999). Neuropsychological performance of adults evidencing attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 14, 373-387.

14.

Clarke, S., Heussler, H., & Kohn, M. R. (2005). Attention deficit disorder: not just for children. Internal Medicine Journal, 35, 721-725.

15.

Conners, C. K., Erhart, D., & Sparrow, E. P. (1999). Conners' adult ADHD rating scales, technical manual. New York: Multi-Health Systems.

16.

Epstein, J. N., Conners, C. K., Sitarenios, G., & Erhardt, D. (1998). Continuous performance test results of adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 12(2), 155-168.

17.

Epstein, J. N., Johnson, D. E., Varia, I. M., & Conners, C. K. (2001). Neuropsychological assessment of response inhibition in adults with ADHD. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 23(3), 362-371.

18.

Hinshaw, S. P. (1994). Attention deficits and hyperactivity in children. California. SAGE.

19.

Homack, S., & Riccio, C. A.(2004). A meta- analysis of the sensitivity and specificity of the stroop color and word test with children. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 19, 725-743.

20.

Kwak, H.-W., & Egeth, H. (1992). Consequences of allocating attention to locations and to other attributes. Perception & Psychophysics, 51, 455-464.

21.

Klein, R. M. & Mannuzza, S. (1991). Long-term outcome of hyperactive children: A review. Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 30, 383-387.

22.

Klein, R. M. (2000). Inhibition of return. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 4(4), 138-147.

23.

Li, C-S. R., Chang, H-L., & Lin, S-C. (2003). Inhibition of return in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Experimental Brain Research, 149, 125-130.

24.

Logan, G. D., & Cowan, W. B. (1984). On the ability to inhibit thought and action: A theory of an act of control. Psychological Review, 91(3), 295-327.

25.

MacPherson, A. C., Klein, R. M., & Moore, C. (2002). Inhibition of return in children and adolescents. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 85, 337-351.

26.

Oosterlaan, J., & Sergeant, J. A. (1998). Response inhibition and response re-engagement in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, disruptive, anxious and normal children. Behavioural Brain Research, 94, 33-43.

27.

Oosterlaan, J., Logan, G. D., & Sergeant, J. A. (1998). Response inhibition in ADHD, CD, comorbid ADHD+CD, anxious, and normal children; A meta-analysis of studies with the stop task. Journal of Child Psychiatry and Psychology, 39, 411-426.

28.

Pennington, B. F., & Oznoff S. (1996). Executive functions and developmental psychopathology, Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 37, 51-87.

29.

Perchet, C., Revol, O., Fourneret, P., Mauguière, F., & Garcia-Larrea, L. (2001) Attention shifts and anticipatory mechanisms in hyperactive children. Biological Psychiatry, 50(1), 44-57.

30.

Quay, H. C. (1997). Inhibition and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 25, 7-13.

31.

Rosca-Rebaudengo, P., Durst, R., & Dickman, M. (2000). Adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and comorbidity. International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 4, 35-39.

32.

Rubia, K., Oosterlaan, J., Sergeant, J. A., Brandeis, D., & Van Leeuwen, T. (1998). Inhibitory dysfunction in hyperactive boys. Behavioural Brain Research, 94, 25-32.

33.

Schachar, R., Logan, G. D., Robaey, P., Chen, S., Ickowicz, A., & Barr, C. (2007). Restraint and cancellation: Multiple inhibition deficits in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 35, 229-238.

34.

Schachar, R., Mota, V. L., Logan, G. D., Tannock, R., & Klim, P. (2000). Confirmation of an inhibitory control deficit in attention-deficit/ hyperactvity disorder. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 28(3), 227-235.

35.

Shaffer, D. (1994). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 151(5), 633-638.

36.

Weyandt, L. L., Linterman, I., & Rice, J. A. (1995). Reported prevalence of attentional difficulties in a general sample of college students. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 17, 293-304.

37.

White, A. (2007). Inhibitory control of proactive interference in adults with ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders, 11(2), 141-149.

38.

Willcutt, E. G., Doyle, A. E., Nigg, J. T., Faraone, S. V. & Pennington, B. F. (2005). Validity of the executive function theory of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A meta-analytic review. Biological Psychiatry, 57, 1336-1346.

39.

Young, S., Bramham, J., Tyson, C., & Morris, R. (2006). Inhibitory dysfunction on the stroop in adults diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Personality and Individual Differences, 41, 1377-1384.

한국심리학회지: 일반

논문 투고 OA 정책