본 연구는 심리적 분리나 휴식과 같은 방어적인 회복기제는 긍정정서를 증가시키지 못하는 반면 숙달경험과 같은 최적경험은 긍정정서를 높여준다는 사실에 착안하여, 근로자의 긍정정서를 높일 수 있는 회복기제에 대하여 알아보기 위해 정서에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 직무관련요인(일몰입)과 비직무관련요인(여가만족도)의 영향력을 비교하였다. 이와 더불어 수면의 질이 회복과정에서 미치는 매개효과를 검증하였다. 이를 위해 국내 대기업 근로자 142명을 대상으로 설문연구를 하였고, 일몰입과 여가만족도를 회복기제로 제시하였다. 심리적 분리 및 휴식은 부정정서와 부적 상관관계를 보이나, 긍정정서와는 유의한 관계를 보이지 못했다. 또한 일몰입과 여가만족도가 높을수록 긍정정서는 높고 부정정서는 낮은 모습을 보였다. 정서에 대한 일몰입과 여가만족도의 영향력 비교를 위해 위계적 회귀분석을 실시하였는데, 성별, 연령, 학력, 평소 정서, 직무 만족을 모두 통제한 상황에서 일몰입만이 다음 날 긍정정서에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 끝으로 일몰입과 다음 날 오전의 긍정 정서 관계를 수면의 질이 매개한 것으로 나타났다. 연구결과를 토대로 본 연구의 학문적, 실용적 의의 및 제한점과 추후 연구과제에 대하여 논의하였다.
In this paper, optimal experience that enhances positive affect and life satisfaction was explored based on the previous findings that defensive mechanism such as psychological detachment and relaxation does not promote positive affect but mastery experience does. Also the work-related factors and non-work-related factors among optimal experience were compared in terms of their influences on the arousal of positive affect. Lastly, the mediating effect of sleep quality on optimal experience was examined. The survey data were gathered from 142 conglomerate employees and work flow and leisure satisfaction were suggested as recovery mechanisms since each represents optimal experience in the work-related domain and non-work- related domain. In the first correlational analysis, psychological detachment and relaxation were negatively associated with negative affect whereas no significant correlation with positive affect was found, which was consistent with the previous findings. Work flow and leisure satisfaction were positively associated with positive affect while they are negatively associated with negative affect. In the hierarchical regression analysis, work flow and leisure satisfaction were compared in terms of their impacts on individuals’ affect. Predicting positive affect, work flow was the only significant predictor of the positive affect experienced next morning even when sex, age, school, usual positive/negative affect, and work satisfaction were controlled. Sleep quality significantly mediated the relation between work flow and positive affect experienced in the next morning. The result suggests that optimal experience such as work flow promotes a positive change not only in the affective level but also in the physiological level. The implications and limitations of this study and the directions for the future research were discussed.
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