본 연구에서는 자기결정이론에 바탕을 두고 내담자의 기본 심리적 욕구 만족 경험이 상담성과에 미치는 영향을 확인하고, 기본 심리적 욕구 만족 경험에 어떤 요인이 영향을 주는지 탐색하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 연구자들은 합의적 질적 연구 방법을 사용하여 상담전문가의 상담을 통해 성공적 상담성과를 보인 10명의 내담자의 경험을 심층 탐색하였다. 연구 결과 내담자들은 상담과정에서 다양한 양상으로 기본 심리적 욕구 만족과 불만족을 경험하는 것으로 나타났으며, 자기결정이론에서 제안하는 욕구 지지 방법이 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 또한 세 가지 기본 심리적 욕구 만족이 상호작용하며 욕구 만족 경험에 서로 영향 미치는 양상을 보였다. 내담자들은 기본 심리적 욕구 만족 경험이 상담성과에 긍정적 영향을 미친 것으로 보았으며, 기본 심리적 욕구 만족, 특히 자율성과 유능감 만족 경험 자체가 상담성과라고 응답하기도 하였다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 이론적·임상적 의의를 비롯하여, 연구의 제한점과 추후 연구를 위한 제안을 논하였다.
The objective of the current study was exploring and identifying how clients’ basic psychological needs(autonomy, competence, and relatedness) satisfaction was associated with counseling outcome based on self-determination theory (SDT). Authors investigated experiences relating to basic psychological needs satisfaction and dissatisfaction in the counseling process from ten clients showing successful counseling outcome by employing consensual qualitative research (CQR). Results showed that clients experienced basic psychological needs satisfaction and dissatisfaction in various ways, and counselors' needs support interventions suggested by SDT effectively influenced clients’ needs satisfaction. Clients reported that experiencing needs satisfaction led positive counseling outcome and was a positive counseling outcome per se. Theoretical and clinical implications of the findings are discussed, along with the limitations and suggestions for further research.
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