open access
메뉴
open access
메뉴
본 연구에서는 성인애착(애착회피, 애착불안)과 사회관계망서비스(Social Network Service: SNS) 중독경향성의 관계에서 기본 심리욕구 만족과 소외에 대한 두려움(Fear of Missing Out: FOMO)이 어떤 역할을 하는지를 확인하였다. 이를 위해 SNS를 사용하고, 국내 소재 4년제 대학교에 재학 중인 대학생 322명을 대상으로 모형의 적합도를 검증하였다. 그 결과, 본 연구의 최종 모형은 수집한 자료에 적합하였고, SNS중독경향성 변량의 약 43%를 설명하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 성인애착(회피, 불안)과 기본 심리욕구 만족에서 SNS중독경향성에 이르는 직접 경로를 제외한 모든 가설적 경로가 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 간접 경로의 경우, FOMO는 성인애착(애착회피, 애착불안)과 SNS중독경향성의 관계를 완전 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 애착불안과 SNS중독경향성의 관계를 기본 심리욕구 만족과 FOMO가 매개한 간접 경로는 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 애착회피와 FOMO의 관계에서 기본 심리욕구 만족의 억제효과가 시사되었다. 본 연구 결과를 바탕으로 상담 실제에서의 시사점과 후속 연구를 위한 제언을 논하였다.
This study examined the role of basic psychological needs satisfaction and fear of missing out (FOMO) in the relationship between adult attachment (i.e., anxiety, avoidance) and Social Networking Service (SNS) addiction proneness. A total of 322 undergraduate SNS users participated. Results indicated that the final model had a good fit and explained 43% of the variance in the SNS addiction proneness. All hypothesized direct paths were significant except those between adult attachment and basic psychological needs satisfaction and the SNS addiction proneness. FOMO fully mediated the relationships between adult attachment and the SNS addiction proneness. The link between attachment anxiety and SNS addiction proneness was fully mediated by basic psychological needs satisfaction and FOMO. These results suggest that basic psychological needs satisfaction had a suppressor effect on the relationship between attachment avoidance and FOMO. Implications for counseling and future research on SNS addiction proneness are discussed.
고은영, 최윤영, 최민영, 박성화, 서영석 (2014). 외로움, 대인 민감 및 페이스북 중독 간의 관계. 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 26(3), 713-738.
김교헌, 김지환 (1989) 한국판 UCLA 고독척도. 충남대학교 학생생활연구소 학생생활연구, 16, 13-30.
김기모, 김현철 (2013). 청소년의 부모-자녀 간 의사소통과 SNS 중독의 관계에서 기본 심리 욕구의 매개효과. 청소년상담연구, 21(2), 477-495.
김보경, 백용매, 허창구 (2016). 성인애착이 스마트폰 및 SNS 중독경향성에 미치는 영향. 청소년학연구, 23(3), 483-502.
김성현 (2004). 친밀 관계 경험 검사 개정판 타당화 연구: 확증적 요인분석과 문항 반응 이론을 중심으로. 서울대학교 대학원 석사학위논문.
김수영 (2016). 구조방정식의 모형의 기본과 확장: mplus 예제와 함께. 서울: 학지사.
김유정 (2013). 소셜네트워크서비스 이용에 대한 비교 연구: 싸이월드, 페이스북, 트위터 간의 이용동기와 만족 비교. 언론과학연구, 13(1), 5-32.
김재환, 김광일 (1984). 간이정신진단검사 (SCL-90-R)의 한국판 표준화연구 Ⅲ. 정신건강연구, 2, 278–311.
김지민, 장재홍 (2009). 청소년 내담자의 애착과 상담기대가 작업동맹에 미치는 영향. 상담학연구, 10(4), 2349–2365.
박웅기 (2014). 대학생의 심리적 특성과 SNS 중독에 관한 탐색적 연구. 사회과학연구, 27(1), 31-49.
배병렬 (2014). Amos 21 구조방정식모델링: 원리와 실제. 서울: 청람.
변상조 (2015). 공변량분석의 이해. [블로그] 헤아림. https://blog.naver.com/2sat/220348704780에서 2018년 8월 15일 검색.
서경현, 조성현 (2013). SNS 중독경향성 관련 요인 탐색- 내현적 자기애, 자기제시 동기 및 소외감을 중심으로. 한국심리학회지: 건강, 18(1), 239-250.
서영석 (2010). 상담심리 연구에서 매개효과와 조절효과 검증: 개념적 구분 및 자료 분석 시 고려사항. 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 22(4), 1147-1169.
서원진, 김미리혜, 김정호, Ebesutani, C., 조인성 (2015). 외로움과 SNS중독경향성의 관계-자기효능감의 매개효과-여대생을 중심으로. 한국심리학회지: 여성, 20(4), 497- 512.
송혜진 (2011). 스마트폰 이용을 통한 SNS 중독에 관한 연구. 한국중독범죄학회보, 1(2), 31-49.
신지형, 주재욱, 김윤화, 하형석 (2015). 2015 한국미디어패널조사. http://stat.kisdi.re.kr/m/Library/Library_detail2.aspx?Division=2&seq=1000&menucode=0402&menutitle=&ipage=1 에서 검색.
오윤경 (2012). SNS중독경향성과 외로움, 우울, 대인관계, 사회적지지의 관계. 한국상담대학원대학교 석사학위논문.
유영란, 이지연 (2006). 성인 애착과 전문적 도움 추구 의도-심리적 불편감, 지각된 사회적 지지, 자기은폐의 매개효과검증. 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 18(2), 441-460.
이명희, 김아영 (2008). 자기결정성이론에 근거한 한국형 기본 심리 욕구 척도 개발 및 타당화. 한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격, 22(4), 157-174.
이승연, 장은영 (2011). MMPI-2 재구성임상척도의 타당도 연구: 정신과 내원 환자들을 대상으로. 한국심리학회지: 임상, 30(4), 871-887.
이정화, 김호영, 강정석 (2017). 외로움이 SNS 중독 경향성에 미치는 영향. Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 36(2), 154-164.
이현희, 김은정, 이민규 (2003). 한국판 정적 정서 및 부적 정서 척도(Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule: PANAS)의 타당화 연구. 한국심리학회지: 임상, 22(4), 935 -946.
임규혁 (1997). 간이정신진단검사(Scl-90-R)의 심리측정학적 재조명: 확인적 요인분석을 중심으로. 교육심리연구, 11(1), 157-189.
정소영, 김종남 (2014). 대학생용 SNS 중독경향성 척도개발 및 타당화 연구. 한국심리학회지: 건강, 19(1), 147-166.
조화진, 서영석 (2011). 성인애착과 심리적 디스트레스의 관계-부적응적 완벽주의와 기본 심리적 욕구 만족의 매개효과. 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 23(2), 471- 490.
주은선, 전소연, 심솔지 (2018). 한국형 소외에 대한 두려움 척도의 타당화 연구. 한국콘텐츠학회논문지, 18(2), 248-261.
최현석, 하정철 (2011). 대학생의 인터넷중독 유발 요인에 관한 연구. 한국데이터정보과학학회지, 22(3), 437-448.
최현철 (2016). ANCOVA. 사회과학통계분석 (제2판, pp. 565-583). 파주: 나남.
하태희 (2016). 대학생의 자기효능감 및 애착이 SNS 중독경향성에 미치는 영향. 한국데이터정보과학회지, 27(3), 763-772.
한국정보화진흥원 (2011). 스마트폰중독진단척도개발연구. 서울: 한국정보화진흥원.
한소영, 신희천 (2010). 내담자의 기본 심리적 욕구 만족 경험과 상담성과에 대한 질적 연구. 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 22(4), 901-929.
홍구표, 전혜성 (2017). 대학생의 SNS중독경향성과 대인관계문제 간의 관계: 사회적 지지의 조절효과를 중심으로. 보건사회연구, 37(1), 34-67.
Al-Menayes, J. (2016). The fear of missing out scale: Validation of the arabic version and correlation with social media addiction. International Journal of Applied Psychology, 6(2), 41-46.
Alt, D. (2016). Students’ wellbeing, fear of missing out, and social media engagement for leisure in higher education learning environments. Current Psychology, 37(1), 128-138.
Andreassen, C., & Pallesen, S. (2014). Social network site addiction-An overview. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 20(25), 4053-4061.
Andreassen, C., Torsheim, T., Brunborg, G., & Pallesen, S. (2012). Developmnent of a facebook addiction scale. Psychological Reports, 110(2), 501-517.
Bandalos, D. (2002). The effects of item parceling on goodness-of-fit and parameter estimate bias in structural equation modeling. Structural Equation Modeling, 9(1), 78-102.
Bandalos, D., & Finney, S. (2001). Item parceling issues in structural equation modeling. New developments and techniques in structural equation modeling. In G. Marcoulides & R. Schumacker (Eds.), New developments and techniques in structural equation modeling (pp. 269-296). Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Blackwell, D., Leaman, C., Tramposch, R., Osborne, C., & Liss, M. (2017). Extraversion, neuroticism, attachment style and fear of missing out as predictors of social media use and addiction. Personality and Individual Differences, 116, 69-72.
Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and loss: Attachment. New York: Basic Books.
Bowlby, J. (1973). Attachment and loss: Vol. 2. Separation, anxiety and anger. New York: Basic Books.
Boyd, D., & Ellison, N. (2008). Social Network Sites: Definition, history, and scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13(1) 210-230.
Brennan, K., Clark, C., & Shaver, P. (1998). Self-report measurement of adult attachment: An integrative overview. In J. Simpson & W. Rholes (Eds.), Attachment theory and close relationships (pp. 46-76). New York: Guilford Press.
Buote, V., Wood, E., & Pratt, M. (2009). Exploring similarities and differences between online and offline friendships: The role of attachment style. Computers in Human Behavior, 25(2), 560-567.
Cheung, G., & Lau, R. (2008). Testing mediation and suppression effects of latent variables: Bootstrapping with structural equation models. Organizational Research Methods, 11(2), 296-325.
Collins, N., & Read, S. (1994). Cognitive representations of attachment: The structure and function of working models. In K. Bartholomew & D. Perlman (Eds.), Advances in personal relationships, Vol. 5. Attachment processes in adulthood (pp. 53-90). London, England: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
Cozolino, L. (2013). 뇌기반 상담심리학의 이론과 실제 (이민희 역). 서울: 시그마프레스 (원전은 2006년에 출판)
Crowell, J., Treboux, D., & Waters, E. (2002). Stability of attachment representations: The transition to marriage. Developmental Psychology, 38(4), 467-479.
Deci, E., & Ryan, R. (2000). The “What” and “Why” of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 37-41.
Derogatis, L. (1983). SCL-90-R administration, scoring, and procedures manual-II. Towson, MD: Clinical Psychometric Research.
Erickson, E. (1968). Identity: Youth and crisis. New York: Norton.
Feeney, J., Noller, P. (1990). Attachment style as a predictor of adult romantic relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58(2), 281-291.
Feeney, J., Noller, P., Hanrahan, M. (1994). Assessing adult attachment. In M. Sperling & W. Berman. (Eds). Attachment in adults: Clinical and developmental perspectives (pp. 128- 152). New York: Guilford Press.
Flores, P. (2010). 애착장애로서의 중독 (김갑중, 박춘삼 역). 서울: 눈. (원전은 2004년에 출판)
Flores, P. (2015). 중독집단치료 (김갑중 등, 역). 서울: 눈. (원전은 2007년에 출판)
Flores, S. (2015). 페이스북 심리학 (안진희 역). 서울: 책세상. (원전은 2014년에 출판)
Fraley, R., Waller, N., & Brennan, K. (2000). An item response theory analysis of self-report measures of adult attachment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78(2), 350-365.
Griffiths, M. (2012). Facebook addiction: Concerns, criticism, and recommendations-A response to andreassen and colleagues. Psychological Reports, 110(2), 518-520.
Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. (1987). Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process. Journal of Personality and social Psychology, 52(3), 511-524.
He, Q., Turel, O., & Bechara, A. (2017). Brain anatomy alterations associated with social networking site (SNS) addiction. Scientific Reports, 7(paper 45064), 1-8.
Hu, L., & Bentler, P. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55.
Ilardi, B., Leone, D., Kasser, T., & Ryan, R. (1993). Employee and supervisor ratings of motivation: Main effects and discrepancies associated with job satisfaction and adjustment in a factory setting. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 23(21), 1789-1805.
Karpen, S. (2017). Misuses of regression and ANCOVA in educational research. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 81(8), 84-85.
Kurtz, E. (1982). Why AA works: The intellectual significance of alcoholics anonymous. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 43(1), 38-80.
Kuss, D., & Griffiths, M. (2011). Online social networking and addiction-A review of the psychological literature. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 8(9), 3528-3552.
Kuss, D., & Griffiths, M. (2012). Internet and gaming addiction: A systematic literature review of neuroimaging studies. Brain Sciences, 2(3), 347-374.
La Guardia, J., Ryan, R., Couchman, C., & Deci, E. (2000). Within-person variation in security of attachment: A self-determination theory perspective on attachment, need fulfillment, and well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79(3), 367-384.
Lai, C., Altavilla, D., Ronconi, A., & Aceto, P. (2016). Fear of missing out (FOMO) is associated with activation of the right middle temporal gyrus during inclusion social cue. Computers in Human Behavior, 61, 516-521.
Lewis, T., Amini, F., & Lannon, R. (2001). 사랑을 위한 과학 (김한영 역). 서울: 사이언스북스. (원전 2001년에 출판)
Little, T., Cunningham, W., Shahar, G., & Widaman, K. (2002). To parcel or not to parcel: Exploring the question, weighing the merits. Structural Equation Modeling, 9(2), 151-173.
Lopez, F., & Brennan, K. (2000). Dynamic processes underlying adult attachment organization: Toward an attachment theoretical perspective on the healthy and effective self. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 47(3), 283-300.
Maassen, G., & Bakker, A. (2001). Suppressor variables in path models. Sociological Methods & Research, 30(2), 241-270.
MacKinnon, D., Krull, J., & Lockwood, C. (2000). Equivalence of the mediation, confounding and suppression effect. Prevention Science: The Official Journal of the Society for Prevention Research, 1(4), 173-181.
MacLean, P. (1990). The triune brain in evolution: Role of paleopcerebral functions. New York: Plenum Press.
Markland, D., Ryan, R., Tovin, V., & Rollnick S. (2005). Motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 24(6), 811-831.
Martens, M. (2005). The use of structural equation modeling in counseling psychology research. The Counseling Psychologist, 33(3), 269-298.
Masur, P., Reinecke, L., Ziegele, M., & Quiring, O. (2014). The interplay of intrinsic need satisfaction and Facebook specific motives in explaining addictive behavior on Facebook. Computers in Human Behavior, 39, 376-386.
McKenna, K., & Bargh J. (2000). Plan 9 from Cyberspace: The Implications of the internet for personality and social psychology. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 4(1), 57-75.
Michot, D., Blancot, C., & Bourdon Baron Munoz, B. (2016). Relationship between fear of missing out and social media engagement in a French population sample. Retrieved August 28, 2016, from http://www.spotpink.com/downloads/resultats-de-letude-sur-la-prevalence-du-fomo-et-la-frequence-dutilisation-des-medias-sociaux-en-france-2016/#axzz4IbP4IC2w
Miller, G., & Chapman, J. (2001). Misunderstanding analysis of covariance. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 110(1), 40-48.
Morahan-Martin, J., & Schumacher, P. (2003). Loneliness and social uses of the Internet. Computers in Human Behavior, 19(6), 659-671.
Oldmeadow, J., Quinn, S., & Kowert, R. (2012). Attachment style, social skills, and facebook use amongst adults. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(3), 1142-1149.
Pietromonaco, P., & Barrett, L. (2000). The internal working models concept: What do we really know about the self in relation to others? Review of General Psychology, 4(2), 155-175.
Przybylski, A., Murayama, K., Dehaan, C., & Gladwell, V. (2013). Motivational, emotional, and behavioral correlates of fear of missing out. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(4), 1841- 1848.
Qiu, L., Lin, H., Leung, A., & Tov, W. (2012). Putting their best foot forward: Emotional disclosure on facebook. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 15(10), 569-572.
Rosenberg, K., & Feder, L. (2015). 행동중독: 준거, 근거, 그리고 치료 (신성만 역). 서울: 박학사. (원전 2014년에 출판)
Ross, C., Orr, E., Sisic, M., Arseneault, J., Simmering, M., & Orr, R. (2009). Personality and motivations associated with facebook use. Computers in Human Behavior, 25(2), 578-586.
Roster, C., Rogers, R., Albaum, G., & Klein, D. (2004). A comparison of response characteristics from web and telephone surveys. International Journal of Market Research, 45(3), 359-374.
Russell, D., Peplau, L., & Cutrona, C. (1980). The revised UCLA Loneliness Scale: Concurrent and discriminant validity evidence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39(3), 472-480.
Ryan, R., & Deci, E. (2002). Overview of self-determination theory: An organismic dialectical perspective. In E. L. Deci & R. M. Ryan (Eds.), Handbook of self-determination research (pp. 3-33). NY, USA: The University of Rochester Press.
Ryan, R., Rigby, C., & Przybylski, A. (2006). The motivational pull of video games: A self-determination theory approach. Motivation and Emotion, 30(4), 347-363.
Selwyn, N. (2009). The digital native: Myth and reality. Aslib Proceedings, 6(4), 364-379.
Shaffer, H., LaPlante, D., LaBrie, R., Kidman, R., Donato, A., & Stanton, M. (2004). Toward a syndrome model of addiction: Multiple expressions, common etiology. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 12(6), 367-374.
Shang, R.-A., Chen, Y.-C., & Chang, J.-W. (2015). Individual Attachment Style, Self-disclosure, and How People use Social Network. In L. Wang, S. Uesugi, I.-H. Ting, K. Okuhara, & K. Wang (Eds.), Multidisciplinary Social Networks Research (pp. 45-59). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
Sheldon, K., Abad, N., & Hinsch, C. (2011). A two-process view of Facebook use and relatedness need-satisfaction: Disconnection drives use, and connection rewards it. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100(4), 766-775.
Shrout, P., & Bolger, N. (2002). Mediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies: New procedures and recommendations. Psychological Methods, 7(4), 422-445.
Spangler, G., & Grossmann, K. (1993). Biobehavioral organization in securely and insecurely attached infants. Child Development, 64(5), 1439-1450.
Statistics Solution. (2015). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Retrieved August 29, 2018, from www.statisticssolutions.com/analysis-of- covariance-ancova
Stein, H., Jacobs, N., Ferguson, K., Allen, J., & Fonagy, P. (1998). What do adult attachment scales measure? Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 62(1), 33-82.
Tarsha, A. A. (2016). The role of existential therapy in the prevention of social media-driven anxiety: Existential analysis. Journal of the Society for Existential Analysis, 27(2), 382-388.
Tops, M., Koole, S., Ijzerman, H., & Buisman-Pijlman, F. (2014). Why social attachment and oxytocin protect against addiction and stress: Insights from the dynamics between ventral and dorsal corticostriatal systems. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 119, 39-48.
Wei, M., Shaffer, P., Young, S., & Zakalik, R. (2005). Adult attachment, shame, depression, and loneliness: The mediation role of basic psychological needs satisfaction. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 52(4), 591-601.
West, S., Finch, J., & Curran, P. (1995). Structural equation models with nonnormal variables: Problems and remedies. In R. Hoyle (Ed.), Structural equation modeling: Concepts, issues, and applications. (pp. 56-75). Thousand Oaks, CA, US: Sage Publications, Inc.
Wilson, K., Fornasier, S., & White, K. (2010). Psychological predictors of young adults’ use of social networking sites. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 13(2), 173-177.
Yalom, I. (1980). Existential Psychotherapy. USA: BasicBooks.
Zuroff, D., Mcbride, C., Ravitz, P., Koestner, R., Moskowitz, D., & Bagby, R. (2017). Autonomous and controlled motivation for interpersonal therapy for depression: Between- therapists and within-therapist effects. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 64(5), 525-537.
