The Nomenclature and Classification of the Suicide-Related Behaviors

The purpose of this paper is to review preceding researches on the terms and definitions of suicide-related behaviors and to introduce the nomenclature and classification for suicidology. We hope it could enhance the clarity in communication among researchers, clinicians, and therapists who work with suicidal person, and improve studies on suicide in Korea. The terms in the suicidal researches are used without clear definition. The term such as ‘Suicide Attempt’ can be used as different meaning among study participants. The complexity, variability, and multi-dimensionality of suicide require the nomenclature and classification of suicide-related behaviors which are able to specify the subtype of suicide and to include all the suicide-related behaviors. We investigated the definitions of suicide-related behaviors, the nomenclature and classification of suicidology and suggested Korean terms. We also present advantages of the Silverman et al. nomenclatures and classification(2007) and our comments.

keywords: 자살, 자살관련행동, 명명법, 분류, Suicide, Suicide-Related Behaviors, Nomenclature, Classification

Reference

김현실 (2005). 청소년의 자살 시도 예측요인- 수도권과 광역시 거주 청소년을 대상으로. 아동간호학회지, 11(1), 34-42.

박지은, 정영 (2005). 노인의 삶의 만족도와 자살생각에 영향을 미치는 요인. 지역발전연구, 10(1), 39-59.

양순미, 임춘식 (2006). 농촌노인들의 자살생각에 미치는 우울의 효과. 노인복지 연구 통권 32, 377-396.

청소년상담원 (2005). 청소년의 자살: 예방과 상담.

최원기 (2004). 청소년 자살의 사회구조적 원인 연구. 사회복지정책, 18, 5-30.

홍영수 (2005). 청소년의 생활스트레스가 자살행동에 미치는 영향 및 그에 대한 문제해결 능력의 완충효과. 한국아동복지학, 20, 7-33.

통계청 (2007). 사망 및 사망원인통계결과.

Baechler, J. (1975). Suicide. Mew York: Basic Books.

Beck, A. K., Davis, J. H., Fredrick, C. J., Perlin, S., Pokerny, A. D., & Schulman, R. E. (1973). Classification and nomenclature. In Resnick, H. L., Hawthorne(Eds.), Suicide prevention in the seventies(pp. 7-21). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

10.

Beck, Kovacs, & Weissman. (1979). Assessment of suicidal intention: The scale for suicidal ideation. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 47, 343-352.

11.

Brent, D. A., & Kolko, D. J. (1990). The assessment and treatment of children and adolescents at risk for suicide. In S. J. Blumenthal & D. J. Kupfer (Eds.), Suicide over the life-cycle. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.

12.

Brown, G. K., Jeglic, E., Henriques, G. R., & Beck, A. K. (2006). Cognitive therapy, cognition, and suicidal behavior. In T. E. Ellis(Ed.), Cognition and Suicide: theory, research, and therapy(pp.53-74). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

13.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2005). Youth risk behavior surveillance system. Retrieved November 32, 2005.

14.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2003). Youth risk behavior surveillance -United States, 2003. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Reports, 53, SS-2.

15.

Daigle, M. S., & Cote, G. (2006). Nonfatal suicide-related behavior among inmate: Testing for gender and type differences. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 36, 670-681.

16.

De Leo, D., Burgis, S., Bertolote, J., Kerkhof, A. D. M., & Bille-Brahe, U. (2004). Definition of suicidal behavior. In De Leo, D., Bille-Brahe, U., Kerkhof, A. D. M., & Jobes A. Schmidtke(Eds.), Suicidal behavior: theories and research findings(pp. 17-39). Washington, DC: Hogrefe & Huber.

17.

De Moore, G. M., & Robertson, A. R. (1999). Suicide attempts by firearms and by leaping from hights: A comparative study of survivors. American Journal of Psychiatry, 9, 1425-1431.

18.

Durkheim, E. (1951). Suicide: A Study in sociology. London: The Free press(Original work published 1897).

19.

Farberow, N. L. (Ed.). (1980). The many faces of suicide: Indirect of self-destructive behavior. New York: McGraw Hill.

20.

Farmer, R. D. T.(1980). The relationship between suicide and parasuicide. In R. Farmer & S. Hirsch(Eds.), The suicide syndrome (pp24-38). London: Croom Helm.

21.

Favazza, A. (1989). Why patients mutilate themselves. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 40, 137-145.

22.

Favazza, A. & Rosental, R. (1993). Diagnostic issues in self-mutilation. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 44, 134-140.

23.

Freeman, D. J., Wilson, K., Thigpen, J., & McGee, R. F. (1974). Assessing intention to die in self-injury behavior. In C. Neuringer(Ed.), Psychological assessment of suicide risk (pp. 18-42). Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas.

24.

Harriss, L., Hawton, K., & Zahl, D. (2005). Value if measuring suicidal intent in assessment of people attending hospital following self-poisoning and self-injury. British Journal of Psychiatry, 186, 60-66.

25.

Hawton, K., Fagg, J., Simkin, S., Bale, E., & Bomd, A. (1997). Trends in deliberate self-harm in Oxford 1985-1995: Implications for clinical services and the prevention of suicide. British Journal of Psychiatry, 171, 556-560.

26.

Kreitman, N. (1977). Parasuicide. New York: Wiley.

27.

Kreitman, N., Philip, A. E., Greer, S., & Bagley, C. R., (1969). Parasuicide. British Journal of Psychiatry, 115, 746-747.

28.

Linehan, M. M, & Laffaw, J. A. (1982). Suicidal Behaviors among clients of an outpatient clinic versus general population. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 126, 234-239.

29.

Maris, R. W. (1992). How are suicides different? In R. W. Maris, A. L. Berman, J. T. Maltsberger, & R. I. Yufit(Eds.), Assessment and prediction of suicide(pp. 65-87). New York: Guilford.

30.

Maris, R. W., Berman, A. L., Maltsberger, J. T., & Yufit, R. I.,(1992). Assessment and Prediction of Suicide. The Guilford Press.

31.

Maris, R. W., Berman, A. L., & Silverman, M. M.(2000). Comprehensive textbook of suicidology. New York: Guilford.

32.

Marusic, A. (2004). Toward a new definition of suicidality? Are we prone to Fregoli's illusion, Crisis, 25(4), 145-146.

33.

Mayo, D. (1992). What is being predicted?: Definitions of “suicide.” In R. Maris, A. Berman, J. Maltsberger, & R. Yufit(Eds.), Assessment and prediction of suicide(pp.88-101). New York: Guilford.

34.

McIntosh, J. L. (1998). USA Suicide: 1996 official final data. South Bend, IN.

35.

McIntosh, J. L. (1992). Methods of suicide. In Maris, R. W., Berman, A. L., Maltsberger, T. J., & Yufit, R. I(Eds.), Assessment and prediction of suicide(pp. 381-417). New York: Guilford Press.

36.

Meehan, P. J., Lamb J. A., Saltzman, L. E., & O'carroll, P. W. (1992). Attempted suicide among young adult: Progress toward a meaningful estimate of prevalence, American Journal of Psychiatry, 149, 41-45.

37.

Moller, J. (1997). Suicide and self harm: What do we mean and what do we measure? Paper presented at the International Association for Suicide Prevention Conference, Adelaide, Australia, 1997.

38.

O'Carroll, P. W., Berman, A. L., Maris, R. W., Moscicki, E. K., Tanney, B. L., & Silvernan, M. M. (1996). Beyond the Tower of Babel: A Nomenclature for Suicidology, Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 26(3), 237-252.

39.

Pokorny, A. D. (1974). A schema for classifying suicidal behaviors. In A. T. Beck, H. L. P. Resnick, & D. Lettieri(Eds.), The prediction of suicide. Philadelphia, PA: The Charles Press.

40.

Reynolds, W. (1988). Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire: Professional manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.

41.

Rosen, D. H. (1970). The serious suicide attempt: Epidemiological and follow-up study of 886 patients. American Journal of Psychiatry, 127, 764-770.

42.

Rosenberg, M. L., Davidson, L. E., Smith, J. C., Berman, A. L., Buzbee, H., Gantner, G., Gay, G. A., Moore-Lewis, B., Miller, D. H., Murray, D., O'Carroll, P. W., & Jobes, D. (1988). Operational criteria for the determination of suicide. Journal of Forensic Science, 32(6), 1445-1455.

43.

Rudd, M. D. (1997). What's in a Name, Suicide & Life-Threatening Behavior, 27(3), 327-327.

44.

Santa Mana E. E., Gallop R., Links P., Heslegraver., Pringle D., Wekerle C. & Grewal P. (2006). The Self-injury Questionnaire: evaluation of the psychometric properties in a clinical population, Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 13, 221-227.

45.

Shea, S. C. (1999). The practical art of suicide assessment: A guide for mental health professionals and substance abuse counselors. New York: Wiley.

46.

Shneidman, E. S. (1985). Definition of Suicide. New York: Wiley.

47.

Silverman, M .M., (2006). The Language of Suicidology, Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior 36(5), 516-532.

48.

Silverman, M. M., Berman, A. L., Sandal, N. D., O'Carroll, P. W., Joiner, T. E., Jr. (2007). Rebuilding the Tower of Babel: A Revised Nomenclature for the Study of Suicide and Suicide behaviors. Part I. Background, Rationale, and Methodology. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior 37(3), 248-263.

49.

Silverman, M. M., Berman, A. L., Sandal, N. D., O'Carroll, P. W., Joiner, T. E., Jr. (2007). Rebuilding the Tower of Babel: A Revised Nomenclature for the Study of Suicide and Suicide behaviors. Part II. Suicide-Related Ideations, Communication, and Behaviors. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior 37(3), 264-277.

50.

Stengel, E. (1964). Suicide and Attempted Suicide. Baltimore: Penguin Books.

51.

Stengel, E. & Cook, N. G., (1953). Attempted Suicide: Its Social Significance and Effects. Maudsly Monograph 4. London, Chapman and Hall.

52.

Williams, M. (1997). The cry of pain. London: Penguin.

바로가기메뉴

Article Contents

Vol.27 No.2

The Nomenclature and Classification of the Suicide-Related Behaviors

Abstract

Reference

Korean Journal of Psychology: General