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한국판 지혜 척도의 개발 및 타당화

Developing Korean Wisdom Scale

한국심리학회지: 일반 / Korean Journal of Psychology: General, (P)1229-067X; (E)2734-1127
2011, v.30 no.4, pp.1231-1253
김민희 (한국상담대학원대학교)
민경환 (서울대학교)
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초록

본 연구는 한국판 지혜 척도를 개발하여 지혜 개념의 구성요인을 확인하고 척도의 신뢰도와 타당도를 검증하고자 실시하였다. 척도를 개발하기 위한 연구 1의 첫 번째 단계에서는 지혜에 대한 이론적 접근과 경험적 접근을 통해 지혜의 구성개념을 추출하였다. 서구의 기존 지혜 척도 문항과 한국인이 생각하는 지혜와 관련된 특질을 수집한 102개의 문항을 전문가 집단을 통한 내용 분석에 근거하여 예비문항 51개로 축소하였다. 두 번째 단계에서는 선정된 51개 문항에 대해 탐색적 요인분석과 확인적 요인분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 최종적으로 4개의 하위 요인으로 구성된 43문항의 KMWS(KIM-MIN Wisdom Scale)를 구성하였다. 4개의 지혜 요인은 ‘인지적 역량’, ‘절제와 균형’, ‘긍정적 인생태도’, ‘공감적 대인관계’로, 척도의 전체 Cronbach α는 .93, 요인별 Cronbach α는 .76~.90이었다. 연구 2에서는 KMWS의 검사-재검사 신뢰도와 공존타당도를 확인하였다. 검사-재검사 신뢰도는 .86이었고, KMWS로 측정된 지혜점수는 삶의 만족, 안녕감, 정적 정서 경험과는 정적 상관을 보인 반면 우울, 부적 정서 경험과는 부적 상관을 보여 KMWS가 지혜를 측정하는 타당한 도구임을 확인하였다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 한계점과 의의를 논의하고 후속 연구 방향을 제안하였다.

keywords
지혜, 지혜 척도, KMWS, 인지적 역량, 절제와 균형, 긍정적 인생태도, 공감적 대인관계, wisdom, wisdom scale, KMWS, cognitive competency, moderation and balance, positive life attitude, sympathetic interpersonal relationship

Abstract

The present research is aimed at developing the wisdom scale that is based on korean's wisdom concept and testing its reliability and validity. The purpose of study 1 is to develop a wisdom scale to measure wisdom of Korean people. To do so we selected items necessary for the development of a wisdom scale, integrating theoretical approach and experiential approach. Through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, KMWS was developed. Wisdom was operationalized as a construct with 'cognitive competency', 'moderation and balance', 'positive life attitude', 'sympathetic interpersonal relationship'. The study 2 was conducted to test reliability and validity of the scale. Results indicated that KMWS has excellent reliability(test-retest = .86: Cronbach's Alpha= .90). And wisdom was positively related with life satisfaction(r=.48, p<.01), well-being(r=.65, p<.01), .01), positive emotion experiences(r=.32, p<.01), by contrast wisdom was negatively related with depression(r=-.14, p<.01), negative emotion experiences(r=-.24, p<.01). Results indicated that the KMWS can be considered a reliable and valid instrument in large surveys of Korean populations.

keywords
지혜, 지혜 척도, KMWS, 인지적 역량, 절제와 균형, 긍정적 인생태도, 공감적 대인관계, wisdom, wisdom scale, KMWS, cognitive competency, moderation and balance, positive life attitude, sympathetic interpersonal relationship

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