Social decision-making in power relationships

본 연구는 상대방의 의도를 파악하는 것이 중요한 의사결정 상황에서 권력관계에 따라 상대의 의도를 추론하여 내려지는 의사결정이 달라질 수 있는가를 알아보았다. 추가 보상에 대한 배분 결정권을 조작함으로써 권력관계를 조작하였고, 통제 조건의 참가자들은 배분 결정권의 차이가 없었다. 참가자들은 상대방과 60회의 죄수의 딜레마 게임을 실시하였고, 매 시행마다 이모티콘을 상대방과 교환하였다. 참가자들은 실제로는 세 번 중에 두 번 배신하도록 설정된 컴퓨터와 게임을 하였으며, 컴퓨터는 배신 의도를 그대로 드러내거나 감추는 방식으로 정서 표현 방식이 조작되었다. 죄수의 딜레마 게임 중에 통제 조건의 참가자들은 배신 의도를 표출하는 상대에 비해 배신 의도를 감추는 상대에게 더 협력해주는 것으로 나타난 반면, 권력 조건의 참가자들은 상대방의 정서 표현 방식에 따른 협력 비율의 차이가 관찰되지 않았다. 상대방의 정서 표현 방식과 관계없이 낮은 권력 조건의 참가자들이 권력을 가진 참가자들에 비해 더 많이 협력해주는 결과가 관찰되었다. 죄수의 딜레마 게임이 끝난 후에 추가 보상을 배분할 때, 통제 조건의 참가자들은 배신 의도를 표출하는 상대에게 자원을 덜 배분하는 반면, 권력관계에 조작된 참가자들은 배신 의도 표출여부에 따른 차이가 관찰되지 않았다. 높은 권력 조건의 참가자들은 상대방의 정서 표현 방식과 관계없이 낮은 권력 조건의 참가자들보다 상대에게 더 적은 자원을 배분하는 경향을 나타냈다. 권력관계에 놓인 참가자들은 상대방의 정서 표현 방식에는 거의 영향을 받지 않고, 자신이 처한 권력관계에 따라 의사결정이 이루어진다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

keywords: 권력관계, 갑을관계, 정서 표현, 의도추론, 의사결정, power relationship, emotional expression, reading mind, decision making

Abstract

The current study investigated whether the difference in power can influence people’s social decision-making, specifically when trying to consider the other’s intentions. Participants in power were told that they could decide the distribution ratio of additional reward at the end of the experiment, whereas other participants were told that they just had to accept the opponent’s decision. Participants in the control condition were informed that they would receive an equal additional reward to the opponent. Participants played a prisoner’s dilemma game with a computer that was pre-programmed to betray the participants, which participants believed to be another participant’s doing. Emojis (joyful, neutral, or regretful) as emotional expressions were exchanged at the end of every round. The computer showed frank facial expressions with their action (e.g., a joyful face after winning more points) or camouflaged facial expressions (e.g., a regretful face after winning more points). We found that participants in the control condition were less cooperative in the frank expression conditions than in the camouflaged expression conditions. However, participants did not show any difference between both conditions, regardless of the power condition. After the dilemma game, participants in the control condition gave less reward to the opponent expressed betrayal intention, whereas participants in power or not did not give different reward to the opponent. Rather, participants who were in power gave less reward compared to those not in power. These results suggested that people tend to be insensitive to the other’s emotional expression when they were situated in a power relationship, but rather acted according to their own status of power.

keywords: 권력관계, 갑을관계, 정서 표현, 의도추론, 의사결정, power relationship, emotional expression, reading mind, decision making

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논문 상세

Vol.38 No.3

권력 관계에서의 사회적 의사결정

Social decision-making in power relationships

초록

Abstract

참고문헌

한국심리학회지: 일반