Abstract

Cognitive Reserve (CR) refers to the individual’s neuropsychological properties that enable better cognitive performance than what is expected based on current levels of brain resources or pathology. Aging is often accompanied by pathological changes such as a brain atrophy as well as the accumulation of neural plaques or neurofibrillary tangles, leading to functional decline in various cognitive domains. CR, accumulated through diverse experiences in the life course, serves to delay negative outcomes and pathological manifestations of aging. Consequently, it is crucial to understand the concept and mechanisms of CR in this rapidly aging society. This paper comprehensively reviewed the concept and theoretical framework, clinical manifestations, mechanisms, and measurement methods of CR. Additionally, the dynamic aspects of CR, suggestive interventions during late life, and specific considerations for Korean society were also discussed.