ISSN : 1229-0696
이 연구의 목적은 조직 안전풍토의 하위요인들을 확인하고, 이 요인들이 전반적인 안전성 지각과 안전행동에 미치는 영향을 알아보는데 있다. 먼저, 안전풍토의 하위요인들을 확인하고자 했던 기존 연구들을 개관하여, Mohamed(2002)가 제안한 10개 하위요인 중 ‘위험에 대한 개인적 평가’ 요인을 제외한 9개 요인(경영진의 안전에 대한 개입, 안전 의사소통의 효과성, 안전규칙과 절차, 안전에 대한 동료들의 지지적 환경, 안전에 대한 감독자의 지지적 환경, 작업자의 관여수준, 물리적 환경과 작업위험 평가, 편의주의에 의한 작업압력, 안전작업 유능감)에 다른 연구들에서 중요성이 입증된 ‘안전교육’ 요인을 추가하여 총 10개의 하위요인을 제안했다. 210명의 조선회사 작업자들을 대상으로 수집된 자료에 대해 확인적 요인분석을 실시한 결과, 전반적 부합지수들이 대체로 양호한 부합기준을 초과하는 것으로 나타나, 이 10개의 요인들이 조직 안전풍토의 하위요인으로 타당함을 보여주었다. 10개의 하위요인들을 예측변수로 사용하고 전반적인 안전성 지각을 준거로 실시한 다중회귀분석 결과, 물리적 환경과 작업위험의 평가, 안전규칙과 절차, 작업자의 관여수준, 및 경영진의 안전에 대한 개입 요인이 유의한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 안전행동을 준거로 사용한 다중회귀분석에서는 안전작업 유능감, 경영진의 안전에 대한 개입, 안전규칙과 절차, 작업자의 관여수준, 안전에 대한 동료들의 지지적 환경 요인이 유의한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 연구의 제한점과 후속 연구에 대한 시사점이 논의되었다.
The purposes of this study were 1) to identify the dimensions of organizational safety climate and 2) to examine how these dimensions were related to safety climate and safety behavior in organization. The present study proposed 10 dimensions of safety climate (Management's commitment; Effectiveness of safety communication; Safety rules and procedures; Supportive environment; Supervisory environment; Worker's involvement; Appraisal of physical work environment and work hazards; Work pressure; Competence; Safety training) based on Mohamed(2002)'s and Zohar(1980)'s study. Questionnaire was administered to 210 workers in a shipbuilding company. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed that these 10 dimensions could be the valid factors of safety climate. The results of the multiple regression analysis which utilized safety climate as a criterion revealed that 4 dimensions were significant predictors(Appraisal of physical work environment and work hazards, Safety rules and procedures, Worker's involvement, Management's commitment). The same multiple regression analysis which used safety behavior as a criterion showed that 5 dimensions were significant predictors(Competence, Management's commitment, Safety rules and procedures, Worker's involvement, Supportive environment). Limitations of the study and implications for future research were discussed.
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