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본 연구에서는 성인의 비자살적 자해 잠재계층유형을 확인하고, 잠재계층유형에 영향을 미치는 위험요인과 잠재계층유형에 따른 정서 및 행동문제의 차이를 파악하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 전국의 성인을 대상으로 온라인 설문조사를 통해 수집된 자료와 오프라인 설문조사를 통해 수집된 총 188명의 자료를 분석에 사용하였다. 연구결과, 성인의 비자살적 자해의 잠재계층은 ‘경미형’, ‘중도형’, ‘심각형’의 집단으로 확인되었다. 다음으로 성인의 비자살적 자해의 잠재계층유형의 분류에 영향을 미치는 위험요인을 살펴본 결과, 연령이 낮을수록 경미형보다 중도형 집단에, 중도형보다 심각형 집단에 속할 가능성이 높고, 아동기 학대를 경험하고, 고통감내력이 저하될수록 경미형 및 중도형보다 심각형 집단에 속할 가능성이 높았으며, 대인관계를 통해 자해에 대해 노출되었을수록 경미형보다 심각형 집단에 속할 가능성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 성인의 비자살적 자해의 잠재계층유형에 따른 정서 및 행동문제의 차이를 살펴본 결과, 심각형 집단의 우울수준이 가장 높았고, 다음은 중도형, 경미형 집단 순으로 나타났다. 심각형 집단은 경미형 집단에 비해 불안수준이 더 높은 것으로 나타났고, 심각형 집단은 경미형과 중도형 집단 각각에 비해 폭식의 수준이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 연구결과를 토대로 논의 및 시사점을 제시하였다.
The purpose of this study was to classify adults’ self-injurious behavior using latent classification analysis, to identify risk factors affecting latent class, and to examine the relationship between latent class and psychological and behavioral problems. Data from 188 participants were analyzed. First, the latent class of adults’ non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors was identified as mild, moderate, or severe. Further analysis revealed that risk factors affecting self-injury latent class type included the experience of child abuse, lower levels of pain tolerance, younger age, and exposure to self-injury within interpersonal relationships. Levels of depression were highest in the severe class followed by the moderate and then mild classes. The severe class also displayed higher levels of anxiety and binge eating than the moderate and mild classes. The implications and limitations of these results are discussed.
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