ISSN : 1229-067X
본 연구는 유아기 역기능적 정서조절이 정신병리의 주요증상인 동시에 정신병리 발달에 영향을 미치는 중요변인이라는 관점에서 정서 및 행동장애 유아의 정신병리 유형별로 기질과 역기능적 정서조절의 관계에 대한 어머니 양육행동의 중재효과(moderator effect)를 자세히 살펴보았다. 연구대상은 서울소재 종합병원 소아정신과 1곳과 아동발달임상센터 1곳에서 심리진단을 받은 4세 6개월-6세 정서 및 행동장애 유아와 어머니 73쌍이었다. 연구도구는 오현숙과 민병배(2007)의 기질척도(JTCI: The Junior Temperament and Character Inventory), Mash와 Terdal(1981)의 부모자녀상호작용검사(P-CIPA: Parent-Child Interaction Play Assessment), 그리고 Fonagy와 Target(2000)의 MSSB 정서조절 측정도구를 사용하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 외현화 및 내면화 행동장애의 공존병리 집단의 경우 기질적으로 사회적 민감성이 가장 낮으며 정서변화가 매우 급격하고 정서표현이 기이하거나 비일관적인 것으로 나타났다. 또한 외현화 및 내면화 행동장애 공존병리 유아의 어머니는 정서표현 변화가 거의 없고 부정적 정서표현을, 내면화 행동장애 유아의 어머니는 지나치게 통제적이고 침해적인 양육행동을 가장 많이 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 외현화 행동장애 유아의 경우, 어머니의 둔감하게 반응적이지 못한 경우에만 자극추구 기질적 취약성이 역기능적 정서조절에, 내면화 행동장애 유아의 경우, 어머니가 침해적인 경우에만 위험회피 기질적 취약성이 역기능적 정서조절에, 외현화 및 내면화 행동장애 공존병리 유아의 경우, 어머니가 정서표현이 거의 없으며 비일관적인 정서표현을 하는 경우에만 사회적 민감성 기질적 취약성이 역기능적 정서조절에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.
This research aimed to investigate moderating effects of mothers’ parenting behaviors on the relationship between temperament of clinical preschoolers and their dysfunctional emotion regulation. Especially, externalizing disorders, internalizing disorders, and externalizing and internalizing co-occuring disorders were separately analyzed to examine the psychological mechanism of dysfunctioanl emotion regulation. The subjects were 73 preschoolers(aged 4 1/2-6 years old) who were diagnosed with 25 externalizing disorders, 28 internalizing disorders, 20 co-occuring disorders and their mothers. Preschoolers' temperament was assessed by mothers using K-JTCI(Oh, & Min, 2007). Mothers' parenting behaviors were observed during mother-preschooler interactions at a laboratory and analyzed using P-CIPA(Mash & Terdal, 1981). Preschoolers' dysfunctional emotion regulations were measured by MacArthur Story-Stem Battery Emotion Regulation Scale(Fonagy & Target, 2000). Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, ANOVA, partial correlations, and hierarchical regressions. The results of this study were as follows; The subjects having both externalizing and internalizing behavior disorders showed higher failure-of-regulation than other psychopathological subjects. As mothers of preschoolers with externalizing behavior disorders were less sensitive․reactive, preschoolers' novelty seeking temperament was positively associated with their dysfunctional emotion regulation. As mothers of preschoolers with internalizing behavior disorders were more intrusive, preschoolers' harm avoidant temperament was positively associated with their dysfunctional emotion regulation. As mothers of preschoolers with co-occuring behavior disorders were less affective, preschoolers' reward dependent was negatively associated with their dysfunctional emotion regulation.
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