ISSN : 1229-067X
본 연구의 목적은 행동과학적 관점에서 우울 연구를 위한 새로운 방향을 제시하기 위한 것이다. Salman (1995)은 우울에 대하여 ‘개인의 사고, 행동, 느낌 및 안녕감에 영향을 줄 수 있는 저조한 기분 및 행동기피 상태’로 정의하고 있다. 여기서 사고, 행동, 느낌, 안녕감에 주는 영향은 경미한 수준에서 극심한 수준까지 가능할 것이다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 우울의 개념을 행동과학의 개념으로 보고 세 가지 방향으로 확대하여 새로운 연구의 방향을 제시하였다. 첫째 방향은 범주화의 관점으로 하나의 연속선상에서 일상우울(normal depression)과 그 범위를 초과하는 역기능 우울(dysfunctional depression; 임상우울과 준임상 우울 포함)을 질적으로 구분하는 것이다. 둘째, 문화에 따라 우울에 대한 개념, 이해, 대처가 다를 수 있음을 인식하고 우울 개념화에서 문화 간 차이, 하위문화 간 차이를 고려함이 필요함을 제시하였다. 셋째, 우울의 기본적 개념화에서 인간의 인지나 정서에서 부적인 것과 정적인 것이 서로 비교적 독립적인 것이라고 보고, 우울에서도 부적 인지와 정서만이 아니라 정적 인지와 정서의 측면에도 주목하였다. 이와 함께 개념에 대한 연구는 경험적 측정을 위해 척도가 필요하므로 위 세 가지 연구방향이 척도개발에 대하여 가지는 함의도 논의하였다.
The purpose of this study is to propose new directions for depression research. We regarded depression as a behavioral scientific concept and presented new research directions in three ways. As Salman(1995) mentioned, depression is defined as a state of unhappy mood and avoidance of doing behaviors. From the behavioral science point of view, depression is a quantifiable concept on a continuum from lower levels to higher levels. Based on the perspective, we proposed three new directions for research. First, it is necessary to discriminate between normal depression and dysfunctional depression(including clinical depression and subclinical depression) existing on a continuum. Second, it is desirable to reflect subtle differences among various cultures and subcultures in the depression conceptualization, because it is possible to find differences in conceptualization of depression, coping strategies, and so on depending on cultures. Lastly, we proposed that not only negative cognition and affect but also positive cognition and affect are considered in the basic conceptualization of depression, because negative cognition/affect and positive cognition/affect are independent at large. And then we discussed implications for scale development implementing the new directions, because a scale is imperative to measure depression concepts experientially in the future.
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