Whom Will the Older Adults be Happier With? The Effects of Daily Social Interactions on Momentary Happiness among Korean Early Elders

본 연구에서는 한국 60대 초기 노년기 남녀 노인들의 일상에서 노인이 혼자 있는 것이 행복한지 타인과 함께 있는 것이 더 행복한지 비교하였고, 만약 타인과 함께 있는 것이 더 행복하다면 누구와 함께 있을 때 더 행복한 지 그리고 성별 조절효과가 있는 지 살펴보았다. ‘일상재구성법’으로 서울 거주 60대 노인 150명의 평범한 하루 속 대인관계 상황을 직접 조사하였고 위계적 선형 모형을 사용하여 노인들은 어떤 대상과의 상호작용에서 더 행복을 느끼는 지 비교하였다. 분석 결과 전체 남녀 노인들은 혼자 있을 때보다 가족 또는 지인과 함께 있을 때 더 행복을 느꼈으나, 배우자와 함께할 때는 혼자 있는 것과 비교해 행복수준이 다르지 않았다. 그러나 남녀 샘플을 구분하면 다소 다른 양상이 나타났다. 여성노인의 경우 혼자 있는 것보다 타인(가족이나 지인)과 함께 있을 때 더 행복하지만, 혼자 있을 때가 배우자와 함께 있을 때보다 유의수준에 근접하게 더 행복한 경향성을 나타냈다. 반면 남성노인들은 혼자 있을 때와 배우자, 가족 또는 지인과 함께 있을 때의 행복수준 차이가 유의하지 않았다. 본 연구의 시사점을 논의하고 후속 연구들을 제안하였다.

keywords: 행복, 대인 상호작용, 초기 노년기, 성별, 일상재구성법(DRM), momentary happiness, daily social interaction, early older age, gender, day reconstruction method(DRM)

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between daily social interactions and momentary happiness among Korean early elders in their 60's. We first examined if older adults are happier when interacting with others than being alone. Then we further examined whether their level of happiness differs depending on people they interact with, and the moderating effect of gender. Using a day reconstruction method, 150 Korean early elders in their 60's reported the social interactions and momentary happiness experienced during a single day. The results of hierarchical linear modeling analysis showed that the level of momentary happiness was significantly higher for the subjects who were engaged in relationships with friends or family members (excluding spouse) than those that were alone. Overall, elders felt happier interacting with their friends or family members than their spouse. However, gender difference was found: Old Korean women felt happier interacting with their friends or family members than interacting with their spouse. Moreover, they were happier alone than with their spouse at the marginally significant level. On the other hand, there was no significant difference between being alone and interacting with others in the level of momentary happiness for elderly men. Finally we discussed the implications and limitations of this study and suggested future research directions.

keywords: 행복, 대인 상호작용, 초기 노년기, 성별, 일상재구성법(DRM), momentary happiness, daily social interaction, early older age, gender, day reconstruction method(DRM)

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논문 상세

Vol.37 No.4

노인들은 누구와 함께할 때 더 행복할까? 노인의 일상적 대인 상호작용이 행복감에 미치는 영향

Whom Will the Older Adults be Happier With? The Effects of Daily Social Interactions on Momentary Happiness among Korean Early Elders

초록

Abstract

참고문헌

한국심리학회지: 일반