The Application and Acquisition of Strategy in Enumeration Tasks

본 연구에서는 수 세기 과제(enumeration task)를 통해 일별하기(subitizing) 현상을 검증하고, 전략 사용이 시각자극의 수를 세는 수행에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 살펴보았다. 실험 1에서는 자극 집합 크기를 미리 알려주어 ‘재인 + 수 세기’ 과정에서 전략을 용이하게 세울 수 있는 조건과 그렇지 않은 조건을 비교하였다. 실험 결과 선행연구와 마찬가지로 자극 수 1개에서 4개 범위에서 전주의 단계에서의 처리를 반영하는 것으로 판단되는 일별하기 현상이 관찰되었고, 자극 집합 크기 제시에 따른 전략 사용의 효과는 자극 수가 비교적 큰 구간인 7개 이상의 구간에서 관찰되었다. 실험 2에서는 자극 수에 대한 정보를 주지 않은 채 100시행을 한 회기로 하여 5회기 동안 시행을 거듭함에 따라 자극 수 파악에 따른 전략 적용의 효과를 살펴보았다. 그 결과 회기가 진행됨에 따라 일별하기 현상이 회기마다 반복적으로 관찰되었고, 연습을 통한 전략 습득을 반영하는 결과가 관찰되었다.

keywords: enumeration, subitizing, counting, 수 세기 과제, 수 세기 전략, 일별하기

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the application and acquisition of strategy in enumeration tasks. For this purpose, counting time of stimuli set size in various enumeration conditions was measured. In Experiment 1, the effect of knowledge of stimuli set size on enumeration time was examined. It was confirmed after the experiment that providing the information of stimuli set size in advance helped the participants to develop a counting strategy. In Experiment 2, the effect of the counting strategy acquired by enumeration practice without explicit verbal cueing on enumeration time was analyzed. The results showed that enumeration practice induced the acquisition of a counting strategy, which in turn produced the similar results to Experiment 1(subitizing was also observed in each session). In sum, the knowledge of set size affected on counting strategy which in turn reduced counting time for relatively larger set size of 7 to 9 items. In addition, this tendency was repeatedly observed in the experimental conditions varied by stimuli discriminability as well as amount of counting practice.

keywords: enumeration, subitizing, counting, 수 세기 과제, 수 세기 전략, 일별하기

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논문 상세

Vol.30 No.1

수 세기 과제에서 전략의 사용과 습득에 관한 연구

The Application and Acquisition of Strategy in Enumeration Tasks

초록

Abstract

참고문헌

한국심리학회지: 일반