The exploration of courage construct: The implicit theory of Korean university students

용기는 최근까지도 구성개념에 대한 경험적 연구가 부족하여 아직 합의된 정의에 이르지 못하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 한국 대학생의 용기에 대한 암묵이론을 조사하여 용기의 구성개념을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구 1에서는 239명의 대학생에게 용기 있는 사람의 특징에 대한 개방형 질문을 하여 반응을 수집하였다. 그 결과 3,859개의 원자료가 얻어졌고, 이는 내용분석을 통해 437개 대표항목으로 축소되었고 10개 범주로 분류되었다. 연구 2에서는 연구 1에서 얻어진 437개 항목을 9점 척도화하여 286명의 대학생에게 조사한 후 적절성 평가를 통해 211개의 항목을 산출하였다. 이 항목의 반응들로 요인분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 진솔성-꿋꿋함, 이타성-위험감수, 소신-당당함, 도전정신의 4요인 구조가 나타났다. 또한 연구 2에서는 용기의 구성개념과 관련된 세 가지 쟁점, 즉 용기는 두려움을 포함하는가? 고상한 목적이 필수적인가? 안정적인 특성인가 또는 가변적인 행동인가? 를 연구자가 개발한 삽화와 문항을 사용하여 알아보고자 하였다. 그 결과 한국 대학생들은 용기가 두려움을 수반할 수도 또는 수반하지 않을 수도 있는 것, 고상한 목적을 포함하는 것, 행동보다는 특성에 가까운 개념이라고 생각하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과들은 서구의 선행연구와 일정 부분 차이를 보이는 것으로 이를 문화적 관점에서 논의하였다.

keywords: 용기, 암묵이론, 용기의 구성개념, courage, implicit theory, construct of courage

Abstract

So far there is no consent definition of courage because of lack of empirical studies about its construct. This study was to explore the construct of courage among Korean university students by investigating their implicit theory. In Study 1, we compiled responses from a free-listing task about characteristics of a courageous person for 239 university students. We compiled 3,843 items and classified them into 10 categories of 437 items through the contents analysis. In study 2, we asked 286 university students to complete a questionnaire including 437 items made to 9 point Likert style scale and analyzed 211 items over 6 point of the scale by factor analysis. As a result, we found 4 factors, truthfulness-firmness, altruism-taking risk, one's conviction-being dignified, and challenge. Additionally in study 2, we investigated students' thoughts about three issues relevant to the construct of courage using vignettes developed by us. Those three issues were as follow. Does courage include fear? Is a nobility indispensible in courage? Is courage behavior or trait? The results showed that Korean students thought courage included fear or did not, included a nobility, and courage is not a situational behavior but a dispositional trait. These results were not completely consistent with those in western studies and we discussed the reason of the differences in terms of cultural perspective.

keywords: 용기, 암묵이론, 용기의 구성개념, courage, implicit theory, construct of courage

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논문 상세

Vol.30 No.2

용기의 구성개념 탐색: 한국 대학생의 암묵이론

The exploration of courage construct: The implicit theory of Korean university students

초록

Abstract

참고문헌

한국심리학회지: 일반