The Effect of Categorization training on Children's inductive reasoning

The present study examined whether the pattern of development of inductive reasoning for Korean children is consistent with that for American children as demonstrated in the work by Lopez, Gelman, Gutheil, and Smith(1992) which applied a Similarity Coverage Mode(Osherson, Smith, Wilkie, Lopez, & Shafir, 1990) to children's inductive reasoning. Experiment 1, this study replicated several inductive phenomena of Lopez et al.(1992). Performance of Korean children not well solved as compared with Lopez et al.'s. Korean children showed lower performance about familiarization task as well as inductive task. Familiarization task simple decide to which category belong to each instances in order to practice inductive task. Performance of participants needs to improvement. In experiment 2, Researchers observed whether categorization training result in improvement of children' performance. The result showed ability of inductive reasoning was improved as much as Lopez et al.'s for the grade three in the several phenomena. However, preschoolers did not show performance of familiarization task is not match to Lopez et al's. In experiment 3, After training more explicit categorization to only preschoolers, Korean preschooler showed familiarization task and inductive task were consistent with Lopez et al's results. These experiment shows inductive ability of Korean children is lower on the surface than American's. However, After focusing on categorization through short training, Inductive performance of Korean children's improved. Abstract of category concept is implicit because of focusing on relation in Korean language. This study proposes that implicit categorization ability reveals explicit one through short training, what pattern show Korean children in the inductive development, and what is the relation between ability of inductive reasoning and categorization reasoning.

keywords: inductive reasoning, categorization training, category-based induction, similarity coverage model, 귀납추리, 범주화 훈련. 범주 기반 귀납, 유사성 포괄 모형

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Article Contents

Vol.30 No.2

The Effect of Categorization training on Children's inductive reasoning

Abstract

Reference

Korean Journal of Psychology: General