바로가기메뉴

본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기

ACOMS+ 및 학술지 리포지터리 설명회

  • 한국과학기술정보연구원(KISTI) 서울분원 대회의실(별관 3층)
  • 2024년 07월 03일(수) 13:30
사전등록 바로가기
 

logo

  • ENGLISH
  • P-ISSN1229-067X
  • E-ISSN2734-1127
  • KCI

ISSN : 1229-067X

논문 상세

이전
논문 투고

Vol.31 No.1

Citation Share

한국판 내적 속박감 및 외적 속박감 척도의 신뢰도와 타당도 연구

The reliability and Validity of the Korean Version of the Internal and Extranal Entrapment Scale

한국심리학회지: 일반 / Korean Journal of Psychology: General, (P)1229-067X; (E)2734-1127
2012, v.31 no.1, pp.239-259
이종선 (King's College University of London Institute of Psychiatry)
조현주 (영남대학교)
이종선, & 조현주. (2012). 한국판 내적 속박감 및 외적 속박감 척도의 신뢰도와 타당도 연구. 한국심리학회지: 일반, 31(1), 239-259.

초록

본 연구는 Gilbert와 Allan(1998)이 개발한 내적 속박감 (Internal Entrapment Scale: IES) 및 외적 속박감 척도(External Entrapment Scale: EES)에 대한 신뢰도 및 타당도를 알아보기 위해 수행하였다. 연구대상은 K지역 대학생으로 총 401명이며, 모두 연구 참여에 동의한 뒤 내적 및 외적 속박감 척도와 관련 척도들을 수행하였다. 연구 결과, 내적 신뢰도는 내적 속박감 .89 그리고 외적 속박감 .92로 양호한 수준으로 나타났다. 탐색적 요인 분석 결과, 내적 속박감 및 외적 속박감 모두 단일 요인으로 추출되었다. 각 요인에 대한 설명량은 내적 속박감 59.56% 그리고 외적 속박감 51.02%로 나타났다. 확인적 요인 분석 결과, 내적 속박감 및 외적 속박감에 속해 있는 각 문항들의 요인 부하량 및 다중 상관계수가 만족할만한 수준이었다. 내적 속박감 및 외적 속박감의 모델에 대한 적합도 지수도 수용할만한 수준으로 나타났다. 내적 속박감 및 외적 속박감은 자기비난, 내면화된 수치감, 우울, 정적 정서, 부적정서, 삶의 만족도 및 자살사고와 유의한 상관이 나타나, 수렴 및 공존 타당도가 검증되었다. 내적 속박감과 외적 속박감은 자기비난 및 내적 수치감을 통제한 후에도 여전히 우울, 부적 및 정적 정서, 삶의 만족도 및 자살사고와 유의한 편상관을 나타내었다. 또한 내적 속박감과 외적 속박감은 자기비난 및 내적 수치감을 통제한 후에도 각기 우울, 정적 정서, 부적 정서, 삶의 만족도 및 자살사고에 대한 유의한 증분 설명량을 보여줌으로써 증분 타당도가 검증되었다. 이상의 결과를 고려할 때, 한국판 내적 속박감 및 외적 속박감 척도가 속박감을 신뢰롭고 타당하게 평가하는 도구라고 볼 수 있다. 마지막으로 척도에 대한 제한점 및 미래 연구 방향에 대해 논의하였다.

keywords
Internal entrapment, External entrapment, depression, reliability, validity, Internal entrapment, External entrapment, depression, reliability, validity, 내적 속박감, 외적 속박감, 우울, 신뢰도, 타당도

Abstract

The present study examined the reliability and validity of the Korean Internal Entrapment Scale (K-IES) and Korean External Entrapment Scale (K-EES) developed by Gilbert and Allan(1998). Four hundred and one university students who agreed to take part in this study completed the K-IES and K-EES along with other psychometric measures. The results showed that the Cronbach alpha for the K-IES was .89 and Cronbach alpha for the K-EES was .92, indicating good internal consistencies. Exploratory factor analyses revealed that a single factor structure best fit the K-IES and K-EES, respectively. Each factor accounted for 59.56% of the variance on the K-IES and 51.02% of the variance on the K-EES. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated a satisfactory construct validity by showing good factor loadings and squared multiple correlations of each item of the K-IES and K-EES. Fit indices also showed the goodness-of-fit for each model of the K-IES and K-EES. The K-IES and K-EES were significantly correlated with self-criticism, internalized shame, depression, positive affect, negative affect, life satisfaction, and suicidal ideation which supported the convergent and concurrent validity. The K-IES and K-EES maintained a strong association with depression, positive affect and negative affect and life satisfaction, even after controlling for self-criticism and internalized shame. In addition, the K-IES and K-EES added substantially to the explained variance of depression, positive affect, negative affect, life satisfaction and suicidal ideation after controlling for the self-criticism and internalised shame, which supported incremental validity. The current findings suggest that the K-IES and K-EES are a reliable and valid instrument to assess entrapment. limitations of the current study, and future directions for this research were discussed.

keywords
Internal entrapment, External entrapment, depression, reliability, validity, Internal entrapment, External entrapment, depression, reliability, validity, 내적 속박감, 외적 속박감, 우울, 신뢰도, 타당도

참고문헌

1.

권정혜, 이소영. (2008). 부부의 외적 속박감 및 상대적 지위 지각에 따른 분노표현과 결혼만족도. 한국심리학회지 임상, 27, 69- 84.

2.

김정미, 조현재. (2009). 대학생의 스트레스와 우울의 관계에서 자기비난 및 의존성의 역할-대구지역 대학생을 중심으로. 한국청소년연구 통권, 53, 283-306.

3.

박광배, 신민섭. (1990). 고등학생의 대학입시 목표와 자살생각. 한국심리학회지: 임상, 10(1), 298-314.

4.

박재진, 이정교 (2006). 온라인 쇼핑몰 이미지 측정 지수개발 및 타당성 검증. 광고연구, 73, 61-79.

5.

박정현, 서은국. (2005). 사람의 내-외적인 모습에 두는 상대적 비중과 행복관과의 관계. 한국심리학회지 사회 및 성격, 19, 19-31.

6.

이인숙, 최해림. (2005). 내면화된 수치심 척도 (ISS) 의 타당화 연구-애착, 과민성 자기애, 외로움과의 관계. 한국심리학회지 상담 및 심리치료, 17, 651-670.

7.

이학식, 임지훈 (2008). 구조방정식모형분석과 AMOS 7.0. 서울: 법문사.

8.

이현희, 김은정, 이민규. (2003). 한국판 정적 정서 및 부적 정서 척도(Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule; PANAS) 의 타당화 연구. 한국심리학회지 임상, 22, 935- 946.

9.

천숙희, 차보경. (2008). 청소년 여학생의 열등감, 우울 및 정신신체 증상의 관계-지각된 속박감(perceived entrapment)의 매개효과. 아동간호학회지, 14, 343-351.

10.

천숙희. (2008). 청소년의 지각된 속박감, 분노 및 우울의 관계. 여성건강간호학회지, 14(4), 239-247.

11.

Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, G. W. (1988). Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103, 411-423.

12.

Baumeister, R. F. (1990). Suicide as escape from self. Psychological Review, 97, 90–113.

13.

Beck, A. T., Kovacs, M., & Weissman, A. (1979). Assessment of suicidal intention: The Scale for Suicidal Ideation. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 47, 343-352.

14.

Blatt, S. J., D'Afflitti, J. P., & Quinlan, D. M. (1976). Experiences of depression in normal young adults. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 85(4), 383.

15.

Brown, G. W., Bifulco, A. & Harris, T. O. (1987). Life events, vulnerability and onset of depression: some refinements. British Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 30-42.

16.

Brown, G. W., Harris, T. O. & Hepworth, C. (1995). Loss, humiliation and entrapment among women developing depression: a patient and non-patient comparison. Psychological Medicine 25, 7-21.

17.

Cheung, M. S. P., Gilbert, P., & Irons, C. (2004). An exploration of shame, social rank and rumination in relation to depression. Personality and individual Differences, 36(5), 1143-1153.

18.

Cook, D.R. (2001). Internalized Shame Scale: Technical manual. Toronto: Multi-Health Systems.

19.

Craig, T.K.J. (1996). Adversity and depression. International Review of Psychiatry. 8, 341-353

20.

Diner, E., Emmons, R. A., Lansen, R. J., & Griffin, S (1985). The satisfaction with life scale.

21.

Dixon, A.K. (1998). Ethological strategies for defence in animals and humans: Their role in some psychiatric disorders. British Journal of Medical Psychology. 71, 417-445.

22.

Dunkley, D. M., Sanislow, C. A., Grilo, C. M., & McGlashan, T. H. (2009). Self-criticism versus neuroticism in predicting depression and psychosocial impairment for 4 years in a clinical sample. Comprehensive psychiatry, 50(4), 335-346.

23.

Ehlers, A., Maercker, A., & Boos, A. (2000). Posttraumatic stress disorder following political imprisonment: The role of mental defeat, alienation, and perceived permanent change. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 109, 45–55.

24.

Fabrigar, L. R., Wegener, D. T., MacCallum, R. C., & Strahan, E. J. (1999). Evaluating the use of exploratory factor analysis in psychological research. Psychological methods, 4(3), 272.

25.

Fazza, N, & Page, S. (2003). Dependency and self-criticism as predictors of suicidal behaviour. Suicide and Life Threatening Behavior, 33(2), 172–185.

26.

Gerbing DW, Anderson JC. (1993). Monte Carlo evaluations of goodness-of-fit indices for structural equation models. Testing structural equation models, 40, 65.

27.

Gilbert, P. (1992). Depression: The evolution of powerlessness. Hove: Erlbaum/New York: Guilford Press.

28.

Gilbert, P. (2001). Evolutionary approaches to psychopathology: The role of natural defences. Austrailian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 35, 17-27.

29.

Gilbert, P. (2006). Evolution and depression: issues and implications. Psychological Medicine, 2006, 36, 287-297.

30.

Gilbert, P., Allan, S., Brough, S., Melley, S., & Miles, J. N. V. (2002). Relationship of anhedonia and anxiety to social rank, defeat and entrapment. Journal of affective disorders, 71, 141-151.

31.

Gilbert, P., Cheung, M., Irons, C., & McEwan, K. (2005). An exploration into depression-focused and anger-focused rumination in relation to depression in a student population. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 33, 273–283.

32.

Goldstein, R. C., & Willner, P. (2002). Self-report measures of defeat and entrapment during a brief depressive mood induction. Cognition & Emotion, 16, 629–642.

33.

Hagen, E. H. (2002). Depression as bargaining: The case postpartum. Evolution and Human Behavior, 23, 323–336.

34.

Holmes, E. A., Crane, C., Fennell, M. J. V., & Williams, J. M. G. (2007). Imagery about suicide in depression—"flash-forwards"? Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 38, 423-434.

35.

Hu L, Bentler P.M. Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling 1999; 6: 1-55. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49, 71-75.

36.

Kahn, J. H. (2006). Factor analysis in counseling psychology research, training, and practice. The Counseling Psychologist, 34(5), 684.

37.

Kidd, S. A. (2004). "THE WALLS WERE CLOSING IN, AND WE WERE TRAPPED" A Qualitative Analysis of Stress Youth Suicide. Youth & Society, 36, 30–55.

38.

Kidd, S. A. (2006). Factors precipitating suicidality among homeless youth: A quantitative follow-up. Youth & Society, 37, 393–422.

39.

Kline, R. B. (2005). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. New York: Guilford Press.

40.

Lagerspetz, K.M.J., Sandnabba, K. (1982). The decline of aggressiveness in male mice during group caging as determined by punishment delivered by the cage mates. Aggressive Behavior, 8, 319–328.

41.

Lee, D. (2006). Case conceptualisation in complex PTSD: Integrating theory with practice. In N. Tarrier (Ed.), Case formulation in cognitive behaviour therapy: The treatment of challenging and complex cases (pp.142–166). London, England: Routledge.

42.

Manuel, T., Tobias, K., Paul, G., & Martin, G. H. (2010). Testing a German Adaption of the Entrapment Scale and Assessing the Relation to Depression. Depression Research and Treatment, 1-10.

43.

Martin, Y., Gilbert, P., McEwan, K., & Irons, C. (2006). The relation of entrapment, shame and guilt to depression, in carers of people with dementia. Aging and Mental Health, 10, 101–106.

44.

O’Connor, R. C. (2003). Suicidal behavior as a cry of pain: Test of a psychological model. Archives of Suicide Research, 7, 297–308.

45.

Park, Y.-J., Ryu, H., Han, K., Kwon, J. H., Kim, H. K., Kang, H. C., Shin, H. (2010). Suicidal ideation in adolescents: An explanatory model using LISREL. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 32, 168–184.

46.

Raab, A., Dantzer, R., Michaud, B., Mormede, P., Taghzouti, K., Simon,H., & Le Moal, M. (1986). Behavioural, physiological and immunological consequences of social status and aggression in chronically coexisting resident-intruder dyads of male rats. Physiology & Behavior, 36, 223-228.

47.

Seligman, M. E. P. (1975). Helplessness: On Depression Development and Death. Freeman & Co.: San Francisco.

48.

Sloman, L., & Gilbert, P. (2000). Subordination and defeat: An evolutionary approach to mood disorders and their therapy. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

49.

Sturman, E. D., & Mongrain, M. (2005). Self-criticism and major depression: An evolutionary perspective. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 44, 505–519.

50.

Sturman, E. D., & Mongrain, M. (2008). Entrapment and perceived status in graduate students experiencing a recurrence of major depression. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 40, 185–188.

51.

Taylor, P. J., Gooding, P. A., Wood, A. M., Johnson, J., Pratt, D., & Tarrier, N. (2010). Defeat and entrapment in schizophrenia: The relationship with suicidal ideation and positive psychotic symptoms. Psychiatry Research, 178, 244–248.

52.

Taylor, P. J., Gooding, P. A., Wood, A. M., & Tarrier, N. (2011). The role of defeat and entrapment in depression, anxiety, and suicide. Psychological Bullentin, 137, 391–420.

53.

Trachsel., M., Krieger., T., Gilbert, P., & Holtforth., M. G. (2010). Testing a German Adaption of the Entrapment Scale and Assessing the Relation to Depression. Depression Research and Treatment. 1-10

54.

Von Holst, D. (1986). Vegetative and somatic components of tree shrews’ behaviour, Journal of the Autonomic Nervous System (Suppl.). 657–670.

55.

Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 1063-1070.

56.

Williams, J. M. G. (1997). Cry of pain: Understanding suicide and selfharm. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin.

57.

Williams, J.L., Lierle, D.M., 1988. Effects of repeated defeat by a dominant conspecific on subsequent pain sensitivity, open-field activity and escape learning. Learning and Behavior. 16, 477–485.

58.

Yoon, H. (2003). Factors associated with family caregivers’ burden and depression in Korea. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 57, 291–311.

59.

Zigmond, A. S., & Snaith, R. P. (1983). The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 67(6), 361-370.

한국심리학회지: 일반

논문 투고 OA 정책