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  • 한국과학기술정보연구원(KISTI) 서울분원 대회의실(별관 3층)
  • 2024년 07월 03일(수) 13:30
 

한국심리학회지: 일반

노년기 보상적 두뇌 가소성: 인지 노화의 보상 가설과 재활 방안에 대한 개관 연구

Compensatory Brain Plasticity in Late Adulthood: A Review of Compensation Hypotheses and Interventions for Cognitive Aging

한국심리학회지: 일반 / Korean Journal of Psychology: General, (P)1229-067X; (E)2734-1127
2014, v.33 no.4, pp.853-873
김은영 (경북대학교)
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초록

본 연구는 최근 주목을 받고 있는 인지 노화 지연 프로그램의 기본 가정이라 할 수 있는 두뇌 가소성에 대한 최근 신경인지학적 성과를 개관하고, 노년기 두뇌의 잠재력인 보상적 가소성에 초점을 맞추어 인지 재활의 방향을 논의하고자 한다. 두뇌/인지 리저브(brain/cognitive reserve), 전두-후두전치(posterior-anterior shift), 반구 비대칭성 감소(hemispheric asymmetry reduction), 부하-이동(load-shift), 보상 이득-비용(gain-cost) 등의 노년기 두뇌에 관한 보상 가설 모델들과 이를 뒷받침하는 연구 결과들을 살펴보면서, 현재 진행되고 있는 인지 노화 지연 프로그램의 역할을 간략히 논의한다. 노인들을 위한 인지 노화 지연 프로그램들은 신경학적 감퇴를 지연하는 데 주력하는 동시에, 노년기 두뇌에 내재하는 보상적 방향성을 지지하면서 보상 자원을 과잉 소비하는 과정에서 발생하는 비용을 고려하는 방향으로 운용되어야 할 것이다.

keywords
Age-related Cognitive Decline, Brain Plasticity, Compensatory Brain Plasticity, Cognitive Reserve, 인지 노화, 두뇌 가소성, 보상적 두뇌 가소성, 인지 리저브

Abstract

This study reviews recent findings of brain plasticity in late adulthood, focusing on compensation hypotheses of cognitive aging. By clarifying the extent and characteristics of brain plasticity in the aging brain, this study re-evaluates current interventions for age-related cognitive decline. The models of compensatory plasticity in the aging brain, such as brain/cognitive reserve, posterior-anterior shift in aging (PASA), hemispheric asymmetry reduction in older adults (HAROLD), and load-shift theory, are discussed. Based on these accounts, current interventions for cognitive aging are re-assessed for their roles in preserving cognitive functions in late adulthood. Rehabilitations that are intended to offset adverse effects of neurological aging should be conducted in accordance with the direction of compensatory adjustments in the aging brain, reducing the cost derived from the overconsumption of compensatory resources.

keywords
Age-related Cognitive Decline, Brain Plasticity, Compensatory Brain Plasticity, Cognitive Reserve, 인지 노화, 두뇌 가소성, 보상적 두뇌 가소성, 인지 리저브

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한국심리학회지: 일반