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Space and Environment

  • P-ISSN1225-6706
  • E-ISSN2733-4295
  • KCI

Historical Landscape of America’s High-Tech Centers: Their Formation, Diffusion, Growth, and Diversity during 1950s-1980s

Space and Environment / Space and Environment, (P)1225-6706; (E)2733-4295
2008, v.0 no.30, pp.251-285

Abstract

Since World War II, high-tech centers have appeared in United States’ metropolitan areas. Computer related industries such as the computer, semiconductor, electronics, and software industries play a key role in high-tech centers. Geographically, initial high-tech centers spawn other following high-tech centers by two different ways: relocation diffusion, and contagious diffusion. By the relocation diffusion, initial high-tech centers in Route 128 or Boston Metro(MA) and Silicon Valley or San Jose Metro(CA) relocate their certain functions such as R&D laboratories and manufacturing operations to other states, and these moved functions work as an important initiative for the formation of new high-tech centers in Phoenix-Mesa(AZ), Dallas(TX), and Colorado Springs(CO). By the contagious diffusion, initial high-tech centers also expand into areas within the same states or adjacent states, and this expansion help build up new high-tech centers in Oakland(CA), Santa Cruz(CA), Ventura(CA), Orange County(CA), Dutchess County(NY), and Binghamton(NY). In both processes, Inherent industries and inborn entrepreneurs play a magnetic or agent role with university linkages, venture capital investment, a pool of educated workforce, active entrepreneurship, innovative business climates, and abundant foreign direct investment(FDI). Although there are general location factors, regional diversity among high-tech centers exists because of-7d8 their variations in initial funding, infrastructure, industrial structure, human capital capacity, and business culture.

keywords
첨단산업지역, 대도시권, 공간적 확산, 지역적 차별성(분화), High-tech Center, Metropolitan Area, Spatial Diffusion, Regional Diversity

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