- P-ISSN1225-6706
- E-ISSN2733-4295
- KCI
지구적 금융위기 일상화에 대응하는 토지주택은행 : 미국 사례를 중심으로
Land and Housing Bank to Cope with New Normal of Global Financial Crisis: Focusing on US Cases
초록
현대자본주의의 성격에 대해 마르크스주의 연구자들 사이에 많은 논쟁이 있지만 경제의 금융화가 심화되고 있다는 데 많은 연구자들이 주목하고 있다. 경제의금융화와 더불어 금융의 증권화 및 세계화는 금융위기를 지구적 현상으로 만들고 있다. 경제쇠퇴와 금융위기에 따른 주거위기는 개별가구의 생활기반을 파괴할 뿐만 아니라 지역사회의 황폐화를 가속화시킨다. 이러한 위기에 능동적으로 대응하고, 주거자원을 비롯한 도시 기초생활자원의 공유화와 공공적 통제를 높이기 위한 수단이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 서브프라임 주택금융 위기를 극복하는 데 기여한 미국의 토지은행이 이러한 발전 방향에서 중요한 수단이 될 수 있음을 보여준다. 이론적 검토에서는 현대 자본주의 성격 변화를 금융화의 관점에서 고찰하고, 주거공간의 위기에 미치는 영향을 살펴본다. 그리고 미국 토지은행의 기능적특성, 법제적 진화 과정을 검토한 다음, 취득부동산 특징과 취득 방법, 조세압류채권의 처리 절차, 신속 소유권 확인 소송, 주요 재원조달 수단으로서 조세환수협약 등 미국 토지은행제도의 운영과정상의 특성을 분석한다. 마지막으로 위기관리형 토지주택은행이 공유경제로의 발전에 기여할 수 있음을 제시한다.
- keywords
- 부채자본주의, 부실채권, 금융화, 금융자본주의, 토지은행, 공유경제, debt capitalism, non performing loan, financialization, financial capitalism, land bank, sharing economy
Abstract
There is a lot of controversy among Marxist researchers about the nature of modern capitalism, but many researchers note that financialization of economy is deepening. Along with the financialization of economy, securitization of financing and globalization are making the financial crisis a global phenomenon. The housing crisis not only destroys the base of living of individual households but also accelerates the deterioration of the communities. It is necessary to actively respond to these crises and to increase public control and sharing of urban basic resources of living including housing. This paper shows that the U.S. land bank, which contribute to overcoming of the subprime mortgage crisis, can be an important tool toward sharing economy. Theoretical review consider the changing nature of contemporary capitalism and examine the impact on the housing crisis. And this paper analyzes the characteristics and functions of the U.S. land bank system such as the acquisition of property, tax foreclosure proceedings, expedited quiet title action, tax recapture agreement as a key financial instrument, evolution of legal institutions. Finally, it suggests that the land bank to cope with the financial crisis can contribute to the development of a sharing economy model.
- keywords
- 부채자본주의, 부실채권, 금융화, 금융자본주의, 토지은행, 공유경제, debt capitalism, non performing loan, financialization, financial capitalism, land bank, sharing economy
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