Korean Journal of Psychology: General
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- P-ISSN1229-067X
- E-ISSN2734-1127
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ISSN : 1229-067X
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Vol.19 No.2
Abstract
This study was conducted to identify the relations between antecedents and outcomes of work↔family conflicts of married employees. 205 males from dual employed couples, 269 females from dual employed couples and 229 single male wage earners participated. The differences of spillover effect of work-family conflicts by males and females of dual employed couples and single male wage earners were examined. Data were analysed via structural equation models using LISREL 8. According to the results, mutual spillover effects existed in every group and Confucian work value decreased the family→work conflicts. Marital conflicts were the main source of family→work conflicts and job overload was the chief source of work→family conflicts in the male group of dual employed couples. These conflicts increased burnout when work-family conflicts were used as a mediator. Marital conflicts were the main source of family→work conflicts and job overload and job ambiguity were the main sources of work→family conflicts in the female group of dual employed couples. These conflicts increased burnout and decreased organizational commitment when work-family conflicts were used as a mediator. Marital and economic conflicts were important sources of family→work conflicts and job overload was the main source of work→family conflicts in the single male wage earners. These conflicts increased burnout and decreased organizational commitment when work-family conflicts were used as a mediator. Suggestions were made to decrease work↔family conflicts of married employees in organizational settings. The limitations of this study and suggestions for further studies were discussed.
Abstract
It is recognized that one of the major issues in jail management is how to deal with the needs of a growing number of inmates with mental health problems. The purpose of this study was to assess the nature and severity of mental health problems among inmates. The mental health status of 1,500(1,337 responded) inmates of the 30 prisons nationwide was examined using Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory(MMPI). And the scores on MMPI were examined in relation to some offender characteristics such as type of offence, treatment classification, frequency of discipline. The result indicates that the percentage of inmate population with scores over 70 on every sub-categories of the scale is higher than that of general populations reflecting high rate of deviation from normal mental health. It seems likely that many inmates are in need of specific mental health services. The nature and severity of mental health problems varies depending on offender characteristics. It is also notable that the inmates are heterogeneous in terms of mental health status, and that severe offences such as robbery, assault, and rape or sexual assault are highly related to the scores on 'antisocial' subcategory. The study also reveals that there is a relation, if nor causal, between mental health problem and frequency of discipline while in prison. Under the basis of these findings, this study concludes that large proportion of prison inmates in Korea have mental health problems requiring treatment services and suggests five key steps to effectively respond to the prevalence of mental health problems in prison at both the level of the clinical interventions and at the level of system structure and organization. Specially, the importance of collaborative service strategies of the correctional system with mental health systems are underlined.
Abstract
Two surveys were administered to obtain basic data concerning appropriateness of emotion terms and frequency of emotion experiences in everyday life. To collect emotion terms, the following three methods were adopted: (1) We asked 300 college students to fill up the questionnaires with emotion terms they experienced in everyday life. (2) We compiled the terms implying emotions from a Korean dictionary. (3) We collected the emotion terms through reviewing the previous studies published abroad and Korea. Through these investigations, we gathered a list of the 1,515 terms considered to be emotions. Five researchers, including the authors and three graduate students, examined these terms independently whether each term implied emotional connotation or not. Whenever there were disagreements, in-depth discussions were sought to reach out for the best solution. Through this selection process, we were led to a list of the 834 emotion terms. Then in a survey of appropriateness for the emotion terms, 282 college students were asked to rate appropriateness of emotions for the 834 emotion terms. Additionally, in a survey of frequency of emotions in everyday life experience, 698 college students were asked to rate frequency of experiences with the 834 emotion terms. From these investigations the means and the standard deviations of appropriateness and frequency ratings for the 834 emotion terms were calculated. The reliability coefficients of the repeated ratings of appropriateness of emotion terms and frequency of emotional experience were .92 and .91, respectively. Correlation coefficient between the means of appropriateness and those of frequency was .05(n.s.). Finally, limitations of this study and implications for the future studies are discussed.
Abstract
The present study discussed the history, methodologies, findings, and the problems in behavioral genetics. The results of twin and adoption studies and those of molecular genetic studies that identified genes influencing human behaviors have been briefly reviewed. Twin and adoption studies indicate that most human behavioral traits are heritable, although the magnitude of heritability varies. Twin and adoption studies suggest that environments ate also important in determining human behaviors. The relevant environmental factors, however, appear to be largely those that are not shared by family members (e.g., accidents or birth order) rather than those shared by family members (e.g., family socio economic status or parental rearing style). In general, genetic influences on most behavioral traits tend to increase with age, whereas shared environmental influences decrease. To date, most human behavioral genetic studies have been conducted for middle class Caucasians residing in the Unites States, Australia, and Northern European countries. Because gene frequency and cultures differ among ethnic groups and races, it is difficult to apply the results of behavioral genetic studies performed in Western societies to Koreans. It is necessary to conduct twin, adoption, and molecular genetic studies in Korea to resolve the issues of how genes interact with Korean cultures and relate to behavioral development in Koreans.
Abstract
Recently there has been much interest in the research of tacit knowledge. For the field of education, tacit knowledge has implications for training students. For industrial area, tacit knowledge(TK) has a lot of implications for selection, performance, and training as well as organizational development. Although the categories of TK have been presented in many forms, there has never been an attempt of extracting TK factors from the empirical data. That is partially because TK inventories are usually tests constructed of multiple testlets. If a test is constructed of testlets, one must take into account the within-testlet effect before doing statistical operations using the data. We propose a two-step approach for factor-analyzing the data of a test constructed from multiple testlets. We demonstrate 5 TK factors and 1 scenario factor by the application of the approach to high school boys' data.
Abstract
Recently, the narrative of sexuality is close to everyday life. Everyone has an opinion about sexuality and can easily express it in the cyber space. The purpose of this study is to analyze netizen's discourses on sexuality in internet. This study consists of two parts: One is to classify categories of discourses on sexuality. Four categories are extracted through 'The Grounded Theory'. They are namely, "Individual-openness", "Individual-not openness", "social-openness" and "social-not openness". The other is to make discourse-analysis in the basis of category-analysis. In here, the oppression structure based on dichotomy of women/men contributes to maintenance of governing discourse, being geared with another oppression structure like a dichotomy of adult/children. These results suggests we can understand the subject well, making an approach with various viewpoints. For this, we need cross-disciplinary study free from the positivistic quantification of the variable and operational definition, the conventional psychological methodology.