바로가기메뉴

본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기

Korean Journal of Psychology: General

  • KOREAN
  • P-ISSN1229-067X
  • E-ISSN2734-1127
  • KCI

Frontal-executive functions in schizophrenic patients.

Korean Journal of Psychology: General / Korean Journal of Psychology: General, (P)1229-067X; (E)2734-1127
2004, v.23 no.2, pp.23-43


Abstract

The present study investigated frontal-executive functions in 45 schizophrenic patients and 27 normal control subjects. All subjects were administered Executive Intelligence Test (EXIT), K-Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (K-WAIS) and Rey-Kim Memory Test (RKMT). The major findings were as follows. Firstly, the difference between the schizophrenia group and the control group was most pronounced in executive intelligence quotient (EIQ) compared with the difference in verbal comprehension index (VCI), perceptual organization index (POI), freedom-from-distractibility index (FDI), and memory quotient (MQ). Secondly, the 4 difference scores of the EXIT are relatively pure measures of executive functions. The schizophrenic group was significantly lower than the control group in each difference score. Thirdly, of the schizophrenic group, 25 showed a clinically defective performance (i.e., ≤79) in at least one of the three summary measures--EIQ, MQ, and full-scale intelligence quotient (FIQ). Of these 25, 24 (96%) showed a defective performance in EIQ. These results suggest that frontal-executive function is one of the most defective cognitive functions in schizophrenia.

keywords
schizophrenia, executive function, neuropsychological test, schizophrenia, executive function, neuropsychological test, 정신분열병, 관리기능, 신경심리검사

Reference

1.

(2001) 정신분열병의 급성기 및 관해기에서의 신경인지 결손에 관한 연구,

2.

(1999) Rey-Kim 기억검사: 해설서., 도서출판 신경심리

3.

(2001a) 전두엽-증후군의 임상평가 Kims 전두엽-관리기능 신경심리검사를 중심으로 ,

4.

(2001b) Kims 전두엽-관리기능 신경심리검사: 해설서, 도서출판 신경심리

5.

(2001c) Rey-Kim 기억검사를 이용한 기억장애 평가,

6.

(2002) K-WAIS의 3요인 해석을 위한 규준 연구,

7.

(2003) 지능검사와 신경심리검사는 무엇이 다른가? ,

8.

(2003) 숫자 바로 따라 외우기와 거꾸로 따라 외우기의 차이에 관한 규준 연구,

9.

리광철, (2002) 정신분열증 환자의 인지 결함,

10.

(2000) 외상성 뇌손상 환자와 정신분열증 환자의 위스콘신 카드 분류 검사상에 나타난 인지적 특성 비교,

11.

(1996) 정신분열병 환자의 신경심리학적 특성 기억능력과 실행능력을 중심으로,

12.

(1996) 신경심리 검사에 나타난 남자 정신분열병 환자와 조증 환자의 전두엽 기능 장애,

13.

(1994) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders,

14.

(1984) Intelligence in schizophrenia meta-analysis of the research,

15.

(1998) The central executive:a concept and some misconceptions,

16.

(1968) Differential behavioral effects in frontal lobe disease,

17.

(1994) The neuropsychological signature of schizophrenia generalized or differential deficit? American Journal of Psychiatry,

18.

(1991) The generalized pattern of neuropsychological deficits in outpatients with chronic schizophrenia with heterogeneous Wisconsin card sorting test results Archives of General Psychiatry,

19.

(2001) Memory and executive function impairments in deficit syndrome schizophrenia,

20.

(1994) Neuropsychological impairments in deficit vs nondeficit forms of schizophrenia Archives of General Psychiatry,

21.

(1990) and temporal lobes as sites for schizophrenia,

22.

(1973) The measurement of differential deficit,

23.

(1995) Schizophrenia-a brain disease?: a critical review of structural and functional cerebral abnormality in the disorder.,

24.

(1993) Frontal lobe impairment in schizophrenia relationship to intellectual functioning,

25.

(1993) Frontal-subcortical circuits and human behavior,

26.

(1997) Assessment of the dysexecutive syndrome in schizophrenia,

27.

(2003) Pre-frontal committee for perception, working memory, attention, long-term memory, motor-control, and thinking: a tutorial review,

28.

(1981) Statistical analysis in psychology and education, McGraw- Hill

29.

(1989) Recall memory deficit in schizophrenia a possible manifestation of prefrontal dysfunction,

30.

(1998) A comparison of clustering solutions for cognitive heterogeneity in schizophrenia. ,

31.

(1996) What are the functional consequences of neurocognitive deficits in schizophrenia? ,

32.

(1995) Hypofrontality in schizophrenia:RIP,

33.

(1999) The neuropathology of schizophrenia:a critical review of the data and their interpretation,

34.

(1998) Neurocognitive deficit in schizophrenia:a quantitative review of evidence,

35.

(1994) Cognitive assessment for clinicians, Oxford University Press

36.

(1992) Neuropsychological functioning of first-episode schizophreniform patients American Journal of Psychiatry,

37.

(1985) Remodeling old models of intelligence Handbook of intelligence,

38.

(2003) Long-term memory deficits in schizophrenia primary or secondary dysfunction? ,

39.

(1998) Executive function in first-episode schizophrenia,

40.

(2001) Moderator variables of executive functioning in schizophrenia:meta-analytic findings,

41.

(1996) Verbal fluency in schizophrenia: relationship with executive function, semantic memory and clinical alogia,

42.

(1983) Performance of schizophrenic patients on tests sensitive to left or right frontal or parietal function in neurological patients The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease,

43.

(1982) The problem of assessing executive functions,

44.

(1995) Neuropsychological assessm, Oxford University Press

45.

(1999) INS Dictionary of Neuropsychology, Oxford University Press

46.

(1997) How specific are the memory and other cognitive deficits caused by frontal lobe lesions? , Psychology Press

47.

(1994) Frontal- subcortical circuits and neuropsychiatric disorders,

48.

(1999) Generalized cognitive deficits in schizophrenia a study of first- episode patients ,

49.

(1996) Frontal/executive impairments in schizophrenia,

50.

(1992) Frontal and non-frontal lobe neuropsychological test performance and clinical symptomatology in schizophrenia,

51.

(1996) Memory impairment in schizophrenia its’ relationship to executive function,

52.

(2002) Performance on tests of frontal lobe function reflect general intellectual ability,

53.

(2000) Executive dysfunction in schizophrenia Cognition in schizophrenia, Oxford University Press

54.

(1997) Is it possible to be schizophrenic yet neuropsychologically normal? ,

55.

(1998) The central executive does not exist,

56.

(1996) Executive functions and developmental psychopathology,

57.

(1997191-213) Do "frontal tests" measure executive function? Issues of assessment and evidence from fluency tests., Psychology Press

58.

(1994) A selective and critical review of neuropsychological deficits and the frontal lobes,

59.

(2000) Neuropsychological functioning in first-episode psychosis-evidence of specific deficits,

60.

(1990) The case for frontostriatal dysfunction in schizophrenia,

Korean Journal of Psychology: General