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한국심리학회지: 일반

ISSN : 1229-067X

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Vol.29 No.2
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일주기성 유형과 우울 수준간의 관계: 수면의 질의 매개효과

Sleep Quality as a Mediator Variable between Circadian Typology and Depression Level

한국심리학회지: 일반 / Korean Journal of Psychology: General, (P)1229-067X; (E)2734-1127
2010, v.29 no.2, pp.355-370
김정기 (포스텍)
조경자 (포스텍)
김정기, & 조경자. (2010). 일주기성 유형과 우울 수준간의 관계: 수면의 질의 매개효과. 한국심리학회지: 일반, 29(2), 355-370.
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초록

인간은 약 24시간을 주기로 자고 깨는 것을 반복하는 일주기리듬(circadian rhythm)을 가지고 있지만, 선호하는 취침-기상시간이나 활동시간 등에는 개인차를 보이는 데, 이를 일주기성 유형(circadian type)이라 한다. 일주기성 유형의 양극단을 일컫는 아침활동형과 저녁활동형은 선호하는 취침-기상시간뿐 아니라, 인지적, 신체적 수행능력, 행동 및 정서 등에서도 차이가 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 특히 여러 연구에서 저녁활동형과 우울 수준간의 상관을 보고하였다. 그러나 두 변수간의 인과관계는 확실히 밝혀지지 않았다. 본 연구에서는 일주기성유형과 우울 수준간의 관계에 수면의 질이 매개하는지 밝혀보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 일주기성 유형은 아침/저녁활동형 척도(CSM)로, 우울 수준은 한국판 CES-D로, 수면의 질은 피츠버그 수면설문지(PSQI)를 이용하여 측정하였다. 899명의 대학생들에게 설문을 실시하였으며, 자료 분석은 상관분석, 요인분석과 AMOS를 이용하여 구조방정식 모형 분석을 실시하였다. 상관분석결과, 저녁활동형으로 갈수록 수면의 질이 떨어졌고 우울했으며, 수면의 질이 떨어질수록 우울을 보고했다. 또한 구조모형 검증 결과 수면의 질은 일주기성 유형과 우울 수준 간의 관계를 완전 매개하는 것으로 밝혀졌으며, 우울 수준이 일주기성유형과 수면의 질에 의해 설명되는 부분은 40.2%였다. 본 연구 결과에 기초하여 볼 때 수면위생에 대한 교육 및 수면행동수정 등을 통한 수면건강 증진을 중재함으로서 저녁활동형이 경험하는 우울을 경감시킬 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

keywords
일주기성 유형, 아침/저녁활동형, 우울 수준, 수면의 질, 매개효과, circadian typology, morning-evening type, depression level, sleep quality, mediating effect, circadian typology, morning-evening type, depression level, sleep quality, mediating effect

Abstract

While humans’ sleep and wake episodes occur at about 24-hour cycle, there are individual differences in their preferences on bedtime, wake-up time and working hours, called ‘circadian type’. Morning-type and evening-type, the opposite extremes in the circadian typology, have been shown to differ not only in their preferred sleep patterns but also in some of their cognitive, behavioral and emotional aspects. Many studies have shown the correlation between evening type and depression. However, the causal relationship between the two has not been clarified. The present study aims to elucidate whether sleep quality mediates the relation between evening type and depression. Survey including the morningness-eveningness scale(the Korean version of Composite Scale of Morningness), depression scale(the Korean CES-D) and sleep quality measure(Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) was conducted to 899 Korean college students. Correlation analysis shows that the more the eveningness, the lower the sleep quality and the more depressed. Also, the lower the sleep quality, the more depressed. Structure equational modeling using AMOS shows that sleep quality fully mediates the relation between circadian typology and depression, and 40.2% of depression is explained by circadian typology and sleep quality. The present results suggest that improving sleep quality by sleep hygiene education can decrease the depression in evening type.

keywords
일주기성 유형, 아침/저녁활동형, 우울 수준, 수면의 질, 매개효과, circadian typology, morning-evening type, depression level, sleep quality, mediating effect, circadian typology, morning-evening type, depression level, sleep quality, mediating effect

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