ISSN : 1229-067X
지혜의 암묵이론에서 성차를 조사하기 위해 세 개의 연구를 진행하였다. 연구 1에서는 지혜 관련 특질들이 얼마나 전형적인 지혜 특질인지를 평정하게 하였다. 연구 1의 결과 절제와 균형 요인과 공감적 대인관계 요인에서 유의미한 성차가 나타났다. 여자가 남자보다 절제와 균형, 공감적 대인관계 특질들을 더 전형적인 지혜 특질로 평정하였다. 연구 2에서는 참가자들에게 가장 지혜롭다고 생각하는 사람을 지명하게 하고, 지명된 지혜자의 지혜를 평정하게 하였다. 공감적 대인관계 요인에서 지혜자 성별에 따른 지혜의 차이가 나타났다. 여자 지혜자의 공감적 대인관계 특질들이 남자 지혜자보다 높다고 평정하였다. 연구 3에서는 자서전적 이야기기법을 활용하여 노년기 성인들에게 살아오면서 자신이 지혜로웠다고 생각하는 사건에 대해 보고하게 하였다. 남자와 여자들이 보고하는 지혜로운 사건 범주에서 차이가 나타났다. 남자들은 직업과 관련된 사건을 가장 많이 보고한 반면, 여자들은 자녀와 관련된 사건을 가장 많이 보고하였다. 연구 결과를 종합해볼 때, 지혜의 암묵이론의 성차 즉, 지혜 지각에 있어서 남자와 여자의 차이가 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 마지막으로 지혜의 암묵개념의 성차를 성역할 고정관념과 성역할 사회화의 측면에서 논의하였다.
The present research is aimed at to explore the gender differences in implicit theories of wisdom in Korea. Three studies investigated different aspects of gender differences in implicit theories of wisdom. In study 1, participants rated characteristics of wisdom concerning their importance for wisdom. Gender differences are reported in 'moderation and balance' factor and 'sympathetic interpersonal relationship' factor. This result suggest a slightly affection and relation oriented view of wisdom in women. Study 2 showed gender differences in the characteristics participants ascribed to a male wise person and a female wise person. 'sympathetic interpersonal relationship' characteristics were rated as slightly more typical for a female wise person. and male participants nominated male wise person more whereas women participants nominated female wise person more. Study 3 showed gender differences in participants' reports of an event in which they were wise. Men most often reported events from their professional life whereas women most reported children-related events. In sum, the findings suggest gender differences in conception of wisdom namely implicit theory of wisdom. Finally, gender difference was discussed from gender-role and gender-specific socialization.
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