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Korean Journal of Psychology: General

ISSN : 1229-067X

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Vol.32 No.3

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Measurement Invariance of Self-Esteem between Male and Female Adolescents and Method Effects Associated with Negatively Worded Items

Korean Journal of Psychology: General / Korean Journal of Psychology: General, (P)1229-067X; (E)2734-1127
2013, v.32 no.3, pp.571-589


& (2013). Measurement Invariance of Self-Esteem between Male and Female Adolescents and Method Effects Associated with Negatively Worded Items. Korean Journal of Psychology: General, 32(3), 571-589.

Abstract

In many scales in social science, negatively worded items were often employed to prevent bias of response tendency. However, using the negatively worded items in the scale might reduce its reliability and distort its factor structure. In order to clarify those problems, researchers have suggested to employ a factor structure including a method factor accounting for negatively worded items. In this study, Rosenberg's Self-Esteem scale which employs two types of items(i.e., positively and negatively worded items) was investigated to uncover its factor structure. Additionally, measurement invariance and latent mean difference between males and females were studied. In conclusion, the factor model considering the method factor of negatively worded items was preferred over others. Measurement invariance between males and females were supported and females showed the lower self-esteem level than males after controling for the effect of the method effect. Finally, limitation and implication of the current study are discussed.

keywords
Rosenberg 자기존중감척도, 방법효과, 요인구조모형, 측정모형의 동일성, 성차, Rosenberg’s self-esteem scale, method effect, factor structural model, measurement equivalence, gender difference

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