Korean Journal of Psychology: General
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- P-ISSN1229-067X
- E-ISSN2734-1127
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ISSN : 1229-067X
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Vol.4 No.1
Abstract
This study examined the therapeutic effect of electroconvulsive shock (ECS) treatment on learned helplessness in rats Thirty-two male rats were randomly assigned to one of the two groups. One group was then given eighty trials of 1.0 m A-5 sec inescapable shock, while the other not given the shock. Twenty-four hours later, all subjects received thirty trials of Y-maze escape training. Immediately after the completion of the escape training a randomly selected half of the subjects in each group was admin· istered a single 40 mA ECS, while the other half received no such treatment. Again twenty-four hours later, all of the groups were tested for the Y-maze escape responding. It was found that the inescapable shocked ECS group showed marked improvement, while the inescapable shocked-no ECS group did not. These results were interpreted as the retrograde amnesic effect of ECS.
Abstract
To ensure appropriate compatibility between encoding conditions and retrieval conditions, the present research discriminated encoding activities into four; assimilation, accomodation, whole-oriented processing, and part-oriented processing. With this discrimination the present research replicated Bransford et al. (1977) and conducted three more experiments. The results showed that cohesive pictorial materials were remembered better than non-cohesive pictorial materials and that the results of Bransford et al. (1977) came from inappropriate compatibility between encoding conditions and retrieval conditions.
Abstract
An attempt was made to explore the limitations in the influences of cognitive processes on perceptual processes as indicated by the probability and transfer effects in the stimulus probability paradigm. Three levels of visual similarity between the high probability stimulus and one of the low probability stimuli were manipulated to examine the processing stage at which the probability effects occur: The global configuration, relational features, and specific features. Three models, schema, cascade, and route-specific, were tested in terms of their predications about the transfer as well as the probability effects in various stimulus conditions. There were rather significant transfer effects at the feature similarity level, which was well below those levels reported by previous studies. This result was interpreted as supporting the !lotion that cognitive processes closely tied to stimulus probability affects the feature extraction stage, i.e.. the early part of the encoding stage in the processing of the stimulus. Patterns of mean RTs among stimulus probability conditions moderately supported the schema model.
Abstract
Wundt's class-room lectures, his laboratory at Leipzig, and Wundt as a person were dese on accounts given by Japanese scholars who visited Wundt's psychological laboratory befort in 1920. The articles which served as the source of the present article: were written by 7 psy and 1 philosopher and were published, with one Of two exceptions, in 1920 soon after Wun but before the appearance of similar accounts by American psychologists. Corresponding by American students of Wundt are noted in footnotes.