본 연구의 목적은 VDT증후군 중 근골격계 질환의 원인의 하나인 ‘바르지 못한 앉은 자세’를 센서가 부착된 의자와 피드백 제공 프로그램 개발을 통해 객관적으로 측정하고 안전행동비율의 증가 여부에 대한 즉각적 피드백과 일일 피드백의 상대적인 효과를 비교하는 것이었다. 직장인 4명(남자2명, 여자2명)이 본 연구에 참여하였으며 이들은 각자 근무하는 회사에서 본 연구를 위해 개발한 센서가 부착된 의자에 앉아 실험에 참여하였다. 다기저선 설계(multiple baseline design)방법이 사용되었으며, 처치단계의 변화는 한 단계 당 최소 3번의 측정이 포함되도록 하는 조건으로 무선적으로 결정되었다. 기저선 측정단계를 시작으로 교육 및 훈련을 거쳐 일일피드백 제공 단계와 즉각적 피드백과 일일피드백 제공 단계를 처치하였으며, 4명 중 2명은 순서효과를 고려하여 마지막 두 단계의 순서를 바꾸어 실행하였다. 연구결과, 일일피드백과 즉각적 피드백 모두 안전행동비율을 유의미하게 증가시켰으며, 즉각적 피드백과 일일피드백을 함께 제공하였을 때 일일피드백만을 제공하였을 때보다 안전행동비율이 유의미하게 더 높게 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과는 본 연구에서 개발한 센서 의자와 프로그램을 통한 즉각적인 피드백 제공이 근골격계질환의 예방 및 바른 앉은 자세 유지에 큰 도움이 될 수 있다는 것을 제안하고 있다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 결과에 따른 시사점, 장점 및 제한점과 후속 연구에 대한 제언이 기술되었다.
The purpose of this study was to examine the relative effectiveness of immediate and delayed feedback on unsafe sitting behaviors that may cause VDT syndromes. Participants were four white color workers (2 males and 2 females) who spend most of their working time on interacting with computers. Chairs were developed particularly for the present study such that they could detect participants' unsafe sitting postures using sensors and provide feedback on the computer monitors. Under the delayed feedback condition, the feedback was provided after each 6 hour session was completed. Under the immediate feedback condition, on the contrary, small “pop-up” windows appeared on the computer monitor whenever participants engaged in unsafe postures more than 14 seconds. Multiple baseline across participants were adopted. After baseline phase, the delayed feedback condition was first introduced and then the immediate feedback condition was added for the next phase for two participants. For the remaining two participants, the delayed plus immediate feedback was first introduced after baseline and then the immediate feedback was withdrawn for the next phase. The results indicated that feedback, regardless of the type, considerably increased safe sitting behaviors. More importantly, the immediate feedback was more effective than was the delayed feedback in increasing safe sitting behaviors.
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