Korean Journal of Psychology: General
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- P-ISSN1229-067X
- E-ISSN2734-1127
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ISSN : 1229-067X
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Vol.24 No.2
Abstract
To develop a scale predicting one's ability to find a way, this study investigated the major cognitive components based on literatures about sense of direction and navigation, and then developed the wayfinding ability test (WAT) adapted to metropolitan and examined it's validity. In preparatory questionnaire having 80 items, 35 items from sense of direction and navigation studies(Takeuchi & Kato, 2003; Hegarty et al., 2002) were consisted and additional items assessing principal abilities (e.g. memory, learning, visual perception) were added. The finding from 301 college students (mean age: 22.1±2.4) was analyzed by factor analysis, and it yielded following 4 factors: ‘spatial memory and learning’, ‘sense of direction’, ‘using map’, and ‘visospatial perception’. The WAT were founded that it had high reliability in overall items and each factor and highly correlated with existing sense of direction scales.
Abstract
The present study investigated the influence of gender and personality variables on fear of death and death acceptance among young adults. In Study 1, using a sample of 82 male and 101 female college students, the sex differences in death fear and death acceptance were examined. As the result, women tended to report significantly more death acceptance than men while men showed more fear of death than women. In Study 2, using a sample of 57 male and 104 female college students, the influence of demographics, personality variables, and subjective well-being indices on fear of death and death acceptance were investigated. Findings from a series of hierarchical regression analyses that were conducted separately for fear of death and death acceptance show that personality variables including self-esteem, psychological adaptation, and neuroticism are significantly stronger predictors of death fears than are demographics while gender, living arrangements, and religiosity being the most potent predictors of death acceptance among young adults. The implications and suggestions for further research were discussed.
Abstract
A paper-and-pencil test (Eye-Hand Coordination Test: EHCT) to measure eye-hand coordination was developed and administered to 8 groups of 155 disabled and normal subjects. The EHCT consists of 24 items and provides a profile of 9 coordination scores. The internal consistencies of the 9 coordination scores were found to be acceptable. The concurrent validity of the EHCT was examined by means of the relationships of the scores with apparatus measures of coordination and found to be excellent. In addition, the profiles of the coordination scores were found to be able to distinguish people with different disabilities. This last finding suggested the possibility that the EHCT could be developed in the future as a diagnostic instrument to identify the specific underlying problems that cause failures in eye-hand coordination tasks.
Abstract
Combined concepts are fundamentally ambiguous in meaning, and various factors affect their comprehension and interpretation. Even though previous studies have investigated the factors and the interpretation types(thematic relation, property mapping, and hybrid), few of on-line processes have been known in either constructing or selecting the meanings of combined concepts. In this study, we critically reviewed six representative approaches or models, and proposed a model on on-line processes and ran an experiment to test its possibility, even though it is rather rough yet. We manipulated whether modifier concepts have any salient properties and whether head concepts have any relevant slots(dimensions) to accept the salient properties, and measured interpretation time of the combined concepts. The result showed that interpretation time is fastest when the modifier has any salient property and the head concept has relevant slots. On the other hand, interpretation time is slowest when the modifier has a salient property but the head has no relevant slot. This result stands in sharp contrast with the implicit assumption of primacy of thematic relation interpretation. The result was discussed with relation to the current models of concept combination and the conceptual․methodological issues.
Abstract
The study was to identify gender attitudes toward others, gender typing of self, and the relations between gender typing of others and self in 582 college students, which were 165 male students and 292 female students of colleges, and 125 female students of a college for women. The questionnaires were given to assess gender attitudes toward others and the self perception in three domains: occupations, activities, and traits. Female students had more egalitarian gender attitudes than male students across domains. In gender typing of self both male and female students showed gender-typed self-endorsement. Examination of the relations between gender typing of others and self showed that the flexibility of gender schema appeared among female students. Those female students who had more egalitarian gender attitudes toward masculine occupations and activities showed greater endorsement of masculine items for self. Those female students who had more egalitarian gender attitudes toward masculine occupations, activities, or traits showed less endorsement of feminine items for self. Factor analysis of the items of others and self measures revealed the three meaningful factors, which were gender attitudes, feminine self, and masculine self. Although the factor loadings varied slightly in the three groups of college students, the three factors were identical for the three groups.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to verify reliability and validity of the KGES(Korean Gender Egalitarianism Scale) with the Korean adolescents and children. the KGES-AC was revised from the KGES-A(Korean Gender Egalitarianism Scale for Adolescents) to extent its use to the elementary students. The research participants were 964 elementary, middle, and high school students in Seoul and Kyung-Ki. The internal consistency of KGES-AC was proved to be acceptable. The validity of the KGES-AC was verified by item analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, discriminant validity. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that KGES-AC consisted of four-factor structure. The four-factor structure of the KGES-AC fit quite well with the elementary, the middle, and the high school students sample. Given the adequate configural, both metric and scalar invariance was tested and supported, which allowed the examination of school differences at the latent mean level. The latent mean analysis indicated that the gender egalitarianism was significantly different among elementary, middle, and high school students at the three factors(home, school, work subscales) of the four factors. There was no significant difference on the society and culture subscales among elementary, middle, and high school students.