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  • 2024년 07월 03일(수) 13:30
 

한국심리학회지: 일반

영아기 어머니의 신체접촉에 대한 고찰: 국내외 연구를 중심으로

The Reviews on the Mothers' Physical Touch during Infancy

한국심리학회지: 일반 / Korean Journal of Psychology: General, (P)1229-067X; (E)2734-1127
2010, v.29 no.2, pp.289-313
김수정 (가톨릭대학교)
곽금주 (서울대학교)
  • 다운로드 수
  • 조회수

초록

본 연구에서는 신체접촉에 대한 국내외 연구들을 고찰함으로써 자녀에 대한 엄마의 신체접촉의 중요성을 알아보았다. 외국의 신체접촉에 대한 연구를 고찰한 결과, 영아에 대한 어머니의 신체접촉은 초기 영아기 발달의 생리적, 행동적 반응을 조절시킴으로써 생존에 필수적인 기능을 하며, 엄마-영아의 총체적 의사전달 체계의 일부분으로 작용한다. 부드럽고 양육적인 접촉유형과 접촉 빈도는 안정 애착 형성과도 관련되었다. 무엇보다도 어머니와의 신체접촉은 어린 영아가 세상을 느끼고 이해할 수 있게 해 주는 가장 일차적인 도구로써 영아의 전반적인 신체․심리적 발달에 토대가 된다. 국내연구에서는 월령에 따라 양육현장에서 사용되는 신체접촉 유형, 어머니의 내적 상태에 따른 접촉 유형 차이에 관한 연구들을 고찰하였다. 그 결과 어머니들은 전반적으로 거친 접촉 유형보다는 부드러운 접촉 유형을 영아에게 했다. 특히 어머니들은 생리적인 양육 상황에서 내적 상태와 상관없이 부드럽고 애정적인 접촉 유형을 사용한 반면, 사회적 양육 상황에서는 안정적인 내적 상태의 엄마들이 불안정한 상태의 엄마들보다 긍정적 정서를 야기 시키는 접촉 유형을 더 사용하는 경향이 있었다. 어머니의 접촉 유형에 따라 영아 반응에서 차이를 알아본 연구에서는 신체접촉의 의사전달 기능을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 앞으로 이후 진행되어야 할 연구 방향이 제시되었다.

keywords
영아-엄마 상호작용, 어머니의 신체접촉, 접촉 유형, 접촉 상황, 영아기, mother-infant interactions, Physical touch, touch pattern, touch situations, Infancy

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to discuss the importance of touch during infancy by reviewing the Western and Korean studies on mothers' touch. The review of the researches on touch revealed that touch plays an essential role in survival as it modulate physical and behavioral responses during early infant development. Also, this physical contact functions as a part of the total communication system between the mother and infant. The amount and quality of physical contact are important to the attachment. More importantly, mothers’ physical contacts of their babies serves as a foundation for the physical and psychological development of the infants. Domestic researches examined the mothers' touch patterns by months and mothers' internal states. Korean mothers used the nurturing touch rather than the harsh touch. Mothers used the gentle and affectionate contact type in a biological caregiving situation regardless of their internal states. However, in social caegivring situation, mothers with stable states were more likely to use the types of touch causing positive emotions than mothers with unstable internal states. The communicative function of the physical contact between mother and infant was supported through experimental research. Lastly, future research directions were proposed.

keywords
영아-엄마 상호작용, 어머니의 신체접촉, 접촉 유형, 접촉 상황, 영아기, mother-infant interactions, Physical touch, touch pattern, touch situations, Infancy

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