ISSN : 1229-067X
The goal of the present study was to test the hypothesis that alcoholism is associated with greater deficit in executive functions relative to other cognitive functions. To this end, we administered a standardized intelligence test as well as a standardized executive-function test to 28 alcohol dependence patients and 26 control subjects. We compared performance of alcoholic and control subjects on six paired tests on which one test strongly engaged executive functions (high EF tests) and the other test weakly engaged executive functions (low EF tests). There was a significant interaction between group (alcoholic, control) and task (high EF, low EF) on five out of six paired tests. On each of the five paired tests, cognitive deficits of alcoholic subjects relative to control subjects were greater in the high EF test relative to the low EF test. For example, deficits of alcoholic subjects relative to control subjects were greater in Executive IQ compared with Wechsler IQ, and in simple trial relative to interference trial in Stroop test. These results indicate that alcoholism is associated with greater deficit in executive functions relative to other cognitive functions. This finding may reflect greater abnormality in prefrontal regions relative to other brain regions in alcoholic patients.
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