Korean Journal of Psychology: General
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- P-ISSN1229-067X
- E-ISSN2734-1127
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ISSN : 1229-067X
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Vol.35 No.4
Abstract
The objective of this study is to classify relevant factors of disaster victims’ posttraumatic stress response systematically using an ecological model, and to analyze their effect sizes comprehensively. To this end, this study is a meta-analysis of 87 studies published in Korea and other countries between 2005 and 2015 on a topic of disaster victims’ posttraumatic stress response. First of all, factors associated with posttraumatic stress responses were derived and classified into sublevels of an ecological model: individualsystem, microsystem, and exosystem. Then, in order to investigate what predictors are more strongly related with the posttraumatic stress responses. The results are summarized as follows. In result, according to results on effect sizes by factor separately for different types of disaster, posttraumatic stress responses for natural disasters were best related with the ‘functions within family’and posttraumatic stress responses for man-made disaster were better related with ‘psychological distance’ of ‘exposure level’and ‘emotional response’ of ‘individual psychological characteristics’. At last, according to results on how effect sizes of factor groups vary according to time lapse since disaster and national economic power in each disaster type, we could find whether moderating effect was significant in the relationship between factor and posttraumatic stress responses or not. By determining indicators to focus on in disaster psychological support process, at a clinical level, this study assisted with planning of interventions for disaster victims’ psychological recovery. At a policy level, this study provided basic materials for national-level disaster psychological support measures by considering factors retained by those who are vulnerable to mental health problems after disaster. This study is expected to contribute to establishing effective support measures and policies for assisting with recovery of disaster victims.
Abstract
It has been suggested that socially active lifestyle might play a protective role against neurocognitive disorders and cognitive aging by contributing to cognitive reserve. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of social activity on cognitive functions in older adults, including processing speed, episodic memory, language and executive function, and the moderating effects of education in the relationship between social activity and cognitive functions. The social activities questionnaire and neuropsychological tests were conducted to 146 normal older adults(age M=72.33, SD=6.46) who participated in “Korean Social Life, Health and Aging Project: KSHAP.” Based on this data the effect of social activity on the cognitive performance and the moderating effect of education levels were analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression. The result showed a significant effect of social activity on the total score of MMSE-DS, which is a measurement of overall cognitive function. Also the effects of social activity were significant in color reading of Stroop, Category Fluency, and K-BNT scores. The interaction effect of education level and social activity was also significant in recognition score of Elderly Verbal Learning Test, delayed recall score of Simple Rey Figure Test, word reading of Stroop, and part A of Modified Trail Making Test. These results suggest that social activity slows the age-associated decline in cognitive functions, and serves as a protective factors on the cognition decline in old age, particularly in individuals with low education level and thus more vulnerability to cognitive impairment. Therefore institutional efforts should be made to facilitate the social activity participation of older adults for successful aging.
Abstract
Suicide rate of South Korea in 2015 has decreased slightly compared to 2014. However, it is still the highest among the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) nations. Further, suicide rate of males in their twenties is still increasing unlike other age group and female. Meanwhile, the soldiers in their twenties are showing relatively lower suicide rate compared to other groups of males. The current study, has been carried out to reveal the factors and processes of recovery among the soldiers who committed suicide-related behaviors before joining the army. For this purpose, a qualitative study employing the grounded theoretical (GT) approach (Strauss & Corbin, 1998/2001) was carried out with the indepth interview protocol obtained from 7 soldiers who are in stable condition after several months of army life after the conscription. The GT analysis of open coding showed 100 units of meaningful concepts and 30 sub-categories and 6 higher categories. A model of recovery was constructed through the application of axial coding. Based on this model, we were able to extract the core category which is ‘locked up injury is recovered through meeting people and social treatment’. We found that causal factor of suicide related phenomena is interpersonal malaise. Army experience provides sustained interpersonal interactions with other people. When the soldiers find authenticity of caring mind from other people in such sustained relationships, they can get recovered. The process analysis discloses the soldiers go through solitary life, facing the problem, attitude change, helping felt, and social cure. This study shows that even restricted army life may serve to provide social cure to the people at risk of commiting suicide.
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to revalidate the Korean version of Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule(PANAS). Twenty items originally developed by Watson, Clark, & Tellegen(1988) went through a translation and back-translation procedure to be adapted prior to data collection and were supported the scales’ validity by study 2. In study 1, Existed K-PANAS were evaluated by exploratory factor analysis. and It revealed that Existed K-PANAS have several of critical fault. On the basis of result of study 1, In study 2, psychometric analyses revealed that the Revised K-PANAS has 2 correlated factors and same questions as like the original PANAS with 2 times of exploratory factor analysis. Statistical analysis revealed that the Revised K-PANAS is a reliable and valid measurement for Korean. In confirmatory factor analysis, The model fits of the 2 factor model of structure were not good. but Depending of the opnion which is affect cannot be independent with other affect, The model fits of the 2 factor permitting correlated error were moderately good. These results suggest that Revised K-PANAS can be used for measuring affect in cross-national or cross-cultural study.