Korean Journal of Psychology: General
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- P-ISSN1229-067X
- E-ISSN2734-1127
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ISSN : 1229-067X
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Vol.7 No.2
Abstract
On the assumption that inter-individual attitudinal conflict would result form different perspectives toward an attitude object, this study was assessed the effects of perspective expansion in attitudinal conflict. When anti-perspective(work oriented values) was given to children with pro-perspective(play oriented values) toward an attitude object dogrearing. children's perceived structure of attitude dimensions was changed from evaluative dimension(likable-dislikable) to descriptive dimension(play oriented-work oriented). That is, the dog rearing was not perceived by children as likable or dislikable, but as play-oriented value(amusing but annoying) or work-oriented value(comfortable but weary). Also, inter-individual conflict shifted form evaluative confrontation(likable vs. dislikable) to descriptive confrontation(thing to work vs. thing to play). Attitudinal conflict was then transformed from inter-individual discrimination to inter-object discrimination. Based on these results, we were proposed a resolution model of attitudinal conflict.
Abstract
Visual field differences in reading Chinese ideographs(Hanja) and Korean phonographs (Hangul) were investigated in a sample of biscriptual Korean graduate students. The equivalence of the Chinese and Korean graphemic units and the non-sequential nature of Hangul syllable arrangement made it possible to separate the confoundings of phonetic with sequential refffesentation and of ideographic with holistic patterns. Significant right visual field superiorities were found both for single Hangul syllables and two-syllable Hangul words, while there were no significant visual field differences either for single Hanja characters or two-character Hanja words. The results suggest that the phonographic nature of the stimuli, not sequencing, may suffice to produce a right visual field superiority.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effective methods for the treatments of aggressive behavior induced by isolated-rearing. A/J Strain male mice(Mus Musclus)was reared individually after weaning(21± 1 days)to the adult(60±1 days). The auther(Chang, 1984) reported that the isolation syndroms exhibited after isolated-rearing-the increasing of general activity, the hyperaggression to the peer animals, hypersensitivity to the noxious stimuli, and the performance deficit in the learning tasks. Those characteristics were similar to the animals behavior disorders following hippocampus or amygdaloid lesions. Thus, a hypothesis was proposed that isolated-rearing bring up the disfunctions of the a mygdaloid-hippocampal complex(Chang, 1984). Based on the hypothesis, there were adopted, for the amelioration of aggression, diazepam(DZP 1mg/kg)-the mainly activated in the amygdaloid hippocampal complex-treatment(EXP I and H )and rehousing procedure-2hrs per day for 7 days. Aggressive behavior was estimated to tail rattling response(Gandelman, 1972). The major findings were as follows ; 1) Isolated animals revealed higher TR response to the stuffed animal and the peer surrounded by a wire screen than the controls. 2) The treatment of DZP 1mg/kg is effective to reduce isolated animals' TR responses. 3) In the rehousing procedures, the passive opponents(anethesized) were more effective than the actives(normal peer). According to the results of thes study, it was concluded this the antianxiety drug, DZP lmg/kg was effective to reduce the aggresiveness induced isolated-rearing and that the unresponse opponents was effective in the course of rehousing. This result disagrees with Suomi et als(1975)study having emphasied social interaction. It was also suggested that the aggressiveness of the isolated should be elicited by the internal anxiety due to hypersensitivity.
Abstract
Many researchers have distinguished two classes of conditioned responses: diffuse or nonspecific preparetory CRs and precise, specific, adaptive CRs. Specifically R.F. Thompson proposed that in aversive learning initial development of the nonspecific "conditioned fear" trace system may be essential for the subsequent development of the specific adaptive memory trace and that the neuronal substrates of the two trace systems differ at least in part. Considerable evidence indicates that amygdaloid central nucleus is involved in conditioned fear and cerebellum is involved in conditioned motor responding. This investigation was conducted to determine effects of amygdaloid central nuclus lesion on the course of the acqusition of rabbits nictitating membrane response(NMR) in classical conditioning. After lesion, acquision training of 4 days started, following one day of adaptation session. For each of the 4 days training, each subject received 60 trials of which 54 trials were reinforced and 6 trials nonreinforced. Only in nonreinforced trials were the heart rate changes measured and these changes were analyzed by comparing with the basal response rate. Conditioned NMR was analyzed by 9/10 criterion. There were significant differences between the sham-operated group and the amygdaloid central nucleus-lesioned group in heart rate changes and conditioned NMRs. The result suggests that amygdaloid central nucleus is involved in conditioned fear and the conditioned fear is essential for the specific adaptive response.
Abstract
Two-hundreds college students and two-hundreds senior citizens from a local senior citizen class(total 400 respondents) were asked to decide, the onset ages of the three life stages, - young adulthood, middle age, and old age (manhood and womanhood, respectively) and the appropriate ages for employment and retirements. Data had shown that older respondents tend to delay the onsets of the middle age and old age comparing with the younger respondents. This means the older people have motivation to be treated younger and evade the social stereotype toward the old ages. In addition to that, the appropriate ages for employment and retirement were evaluated.
Abstract
This paper lists and analyzes the errors that can be often produced by the misunderstanding and blind faith in α level of significance test(N-P theory). To understand such enors properly, a fundamental analysis of the hypothesis testing procedure is needed. Therefore, this paper, using formal logic, attempts a logical structural analysis of hypotheses and tests of significance commonly used in empirical research. Along with a suggestion of a proper interpretation of α level, the result points out the inadequacy of the customary practice in research which set too much weight on α, and calls for further interest in the effect size and the type II error β.
Abstract
In this study we present a standardized set of 260 pictures for use in experiments investigating differences and similarities in the processing of pictures and words. The pictures were black-and-white line drawings which were made by Snodgrass et al.. We analyzed and standardized the pictures on four variables of central relevance to memory and cognitive processing : name agreement, image agreement, familiarity and visual complexity.