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ISSN : 1229-4632

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No.29

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Population as a Social Body and the Politics of Knowledge -Political Imaginations of Sasanggye in the 1960s and the Limits of Liberal Governance-

Feminism and Korean Literature / Feminism and Korean Literature, (P)1229-4632; (E)2733-5925
2013, v.0 no.29, pp.7-36
Paik, Young-Gyung (Korea National Open University,)
Paik,, Y. (2013). Population as a Social Body and the Politics of Knowledge -Political Imaginations of Sasanggye in the 1960s and the Limits of Liberal Governance-. Feminism and Korean Literature, (29), 7-36.

Abstract

Sasanggye often revealed a contradictory position of simultaneously pursuing the liberalist political orientation and the necessity to limit the liberalism. This paper intends to delineate the ways the politics of knowledge in the discourse and practices of population made this seemingly contradictory position possible. The idea of population as a social body was often based on liberalism, but was still able to limit the liberal rights without overtly denying them. Population has been understood as a matter of knowledge, not a subject of political concern. Yet, rather than being an object and stable entity or a politically neutral notion, the concept of population has drawn on a genealogy of concepts with political plentitude, and has changed over time. In this context, this paper aims to analyse what kind of political imagination was behind the practices of population control in the 1960s. Therefore, this paper argues the South Korean state’s management of population crises was not merely as the administration of a demographic problem, but also as a specific way in which the state constructs reality and induces public interventions based on a specific imaginary of the political future. The family planning program was intended to reduce not just the number of childbirths in South Korea, but to limit and eradicate communism in the country. In this sense, the reproductive technologies introduced in this period were essential not only in the family planning program but in the ideological building of the cold war regime of Park Chung Hee as such.

keywords
Population, Social Body, State, Reproduction, Politics of Knowledge, Liberal Governance, Gender, 인구, 사회적 몸, 국가, 재생산, 지식의 정치, 자유주의적 통치, 젠더

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