- P-ISSN1225-6706
- E-ISSN2733-4295
- KCI
도시 지속가능성 평가를 위한 지표의 활용: 국내외 대도시 비교 분석
The Use of Indicators for Evaluating Urban Sustainability: A Comparative Analysis of Korean and International Major Cities
기재홍 (서울대학교)
윤순진 (서울대학교)
초록
이 연구에서는 도시의 지속가능발전 성과를 측정하는 효과적인 방법으로 지표체계를 제시하고 이를 토대로 활용하여 국내외 도시를 평가하였다. 국제적으로 개발된 기존 지표 체계를 검토하여 45개 지표를 선정하고 17개 항목을 환경, 사회, 경제 분야로 범주화하였으며, 도시 간 비교를 위해 지표값을 표준화하여 지수값을계산하였다. 먼저 2006년부터 2012년까지 국내 7개 특광역시가 시간적으로 어떤변화를 보이는지 살펴보았다. 분석 기간 동안 경제지수값은 세계 금융위기의 여파로 2008∼2009년에 다소 낮아졌다가 2010년 이후 약간 상승했다. 사회지수값은점진적으로 상승했는데, 주원인은 교육지수값이 급상승했기 때문이었다. 환경지수값은 연도별 변화가 불규칙적인데, 이는 폐기물지수값 측정상의 문제로 파악되었다. 국내 7개 특광역시와 해외 20개 도시를 한국, 선진국, 개도국으로 묶어서 지속가능성을 비교 평가해본 결과, 한국과 선진국의 통합지수는 비슷하고, 개도국 경우는 전반적으로 열악한 것으로 나타났다. 한국은 17개 항목 중에서 대기, 녹지, 정치, 성장 항목의 지수값이 선진국보다 낮았고, 빈곤, 통신, 고용 항목의 지수값은선진국보다 높았는데, 빈곤과 고용 항목은 산정 방식에 문제가 있었다.
- keywords
- Urban Sustainability, Indicator System, Sustainability Index, Sustainability Evaluation, 도시 지속가능성, 지표 체계, 지속가능성 지수, 지속가능성 평가
Abstract
This research evaluates Korean and international major cities using sustainability indicators which are commonly used to measure cities’ sustainable performance. 45 indicators are selected by reviewing existing indicators and are categorized to 17 items under environmental, social, and economic sector. Longitudinal annual assessment for 2006 to 2012 has been conducted for Korean 7 major cities. During assessment period, indices in economic sector are lowered in 2008 and 2009 due to global financial crisis and slightly improved after 2010. Indices in social sector are found to be gradually increasing, which attribute to the sharp increase in education indices value. Environmental sector indices were showing irregular fluctuating pattern due to problems found in waste management index measurement. Another analysis comparing sustainability index between cities in developed countries, developing countries, and Korea was also carried out. Overall sustainability indices between cities in developed countries and Korea showed little difference, index for cities in developing countries was lower. Korean cities scored lower in atmosphere, green space, politics, growth indices and scored higher in poverty, communication, employment than cities in developed countries. But data used for Korean cities in calculating poverty and employment indices has some problem.
- keywords
- Urban Sustainability, Indicator System, Sustainability Index, Sustainability Evaluation, 도시 지속가능성, 지표 체계, 지속가능성 지수, 지속가능성 평가
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