Space and Environment
- P-ISSN1225-6706
- E-ISSN2733-4295
- KCI
ISSN : 1225-6706
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Vol.33 No.1
Abstract
공공임대주택은 주거복지를 실현하는 가장 핵심적인 수단이다. 국가마다 목적과 배분대상에 따라 배분모델이 다른 것으로 알려져 있다. 한국의 공공임대주택은 30년 남짓한 짧은 역사를 갖고 있지만 경제성장과 함께 공공임대주택을 확충하려는 노력을 경주해 왔다. 가장 최근에는 총 주택재고의 9.4%를 공공임대주택으로 확보하는 정도의 성과를 가져왔고 근미래에 공공임대주택 재고가 200만 호에 이를 것으로 예상된다. 이러한 상황에서 그동안 공공임대주택 정책이 걸어온 방식과 성과를 분석하고, 향후 정책의 발전 경로를 조망하기 위함이 본 논문의 목적이다. 경제성장과 함께 공공임대주택의 재고가 확충되면서 기존의 취약계층 중심, 저소득층을 중심으로 하던 잔여적 모델에서 점차 일반적 모델로 발전하고 있다. 지속적인 공급과 정책 발전은 미래에 보편적 모델로 발전할 가능성도 있다. 또한 공공임대주택 거주자의 주거수준 향상과 주거비 부담 완화 등 주거권 측면에서 성과가 명확하다. 그러나 건설된 공공임대주택의 50% 이상이 분양전환되면서 주택재고로 남아 있지 않은 점은 공공임대주택 정책의 목표와 대상에 대한 의문을 남긴다. 따라서 향후 지속가능한 공공임대주택 정책을 위하여 공급, 관리, 수요, 포용성의 이슈를 검토해야 한다. 공급주체의 다양화, 다품종 소량생산 방식의 수요 대응형 공급, 도시 차원의 고려가 요구된다. 건설 후 30년이 경과하는 노후 공공임대주택에 대한 관리, 어느 곳에 어느 정도 밀도로 재건축할 것인지에 대한 고민이 남는다. 수요 측면에서는 입주자의 낮은 소득과 반사회적 행동양식이 위험요소로 남아 있다. 사회적으로는 멸칭을 통해 드러나는 공공임대주택에 대한 차별과 혐오를 넘어서는 적극적 개입이 요청된다.
Abstract
This study aims to examine how supply- and demand-side housing welfare programs affect housing precarity. We analyzed the 2017 Housing Survey Data by employing logistic regression analysis. The study found that supply-side housing welfare programs are more effective in reducing housing insecurity than demand-side programs. The findings in this study suggest that a systematic analysis is necessary to determine whether housing welfare policy is effectively reducing housing precarity. Furthermore, improving demand-side housing welfare programs should be considered.
Abstract
This study reviews the prototype and role of the community center in community movements of the urban poor in the 1970s in Korea with the cases of Ddukbang village and Bokumjari village. It tries to draw implications for current residential communities and the operation of community centers in social housing complexes. Interviews with former residents in the villages in the 1970s and reviews of the literatures are used as the bases of the analysis. The main findings from the analysis are 1) gathering of the residents itself was the key element of the community center regardless of the place, 2) multiple layers of community activities were overlapped in the center including childcare, education, cultural event, savings and even production, 3) the hope to build their own houses against eviction warning of the shanty houses became the key momentum of the change of the self-help, and 4) what remains as a key factor after the changes of community centers in terms of members and structure was empowerment of residents through community activities.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the current status of the practice of levying management fees by landlords on tenants. Contrary to the regulated maintenance fees imposed by management entities as specified in the “Multi-Family Housing Management Act,” there are currently no regulations regarding maintenance fees imposed by landlords. Therefore, in non-apartment residences without management entities, maintenance fees are imposed arbitrarily by landlords. The widespread practice of imposing what is often referred to as a “blind maintenance fee” leads to various problems, including poor management, a lack of transparency, and a portion of the rent transferring towards increased maintenance fees. Especially, following the amendment of the House Leasing Act, the transfer of rent to management fees is becoming increasingly severe for purposes such as the weakening of the right to request contract renewal, avoidance of lease registration, and tax evasion of rental income. This issue is also prevalent in publicly supported housing types such as Jeonse Rental Housing and Registered Private Rental Housing, causing a reduction in the effectiveness of public support policies. It is estimated that there are 4.296 million households potentially affected by this issue. To address this, the “Housing Lease Protection Law” should establish provisions related to maintenance fees, specify the composition and calculation of maintenance fees and usage fees, principles of burden, duties of keeping and accessing records, etc.
Abstract
In order to overcome the inherent limits of capital accumulation, as evidenced by the 1998 Asian financial crisis and the 2008 global financial crisis, it is necessary to continuously invent new modes of capital accumulation. One such mode is the property circuit of capital, which is realized through the financialisation of the housing market. This paper examines the transformation of capital accumulation configurations to housing lease finance as a response to the contradictions of capital accumulation after the 2008 financial crisis and explores its implications. Firstly, it strengthened the landowner's monopoly on rental types such as cheonse and monthly rent, enabling them to maximize profits. Secondly, the financialisation of the housing market, which now included housing lease finance in addition to mortgage loans, resulted in the generation of monopoly rent. Thirdly, there was a disparity in rent across different housing sub-markets and social classes. In particular, those belonging to the low-income class living in fringe areas around the 1st new-town paid relatively higher rent, as the ratio of cheonse to sale price was highest in these areas and the monthly rent conversion from cheonse was most significant for smaller-sized houses. These findings suggest that the second round of financialisation, involving mortgage loan and lease finance, led to the economic segmentation of urban spaces and deepened the gap in capital accumulation between different social classes.
Abstract
In order to explore problems of ever-increasing alienation in contemporary urban society, this paper is to suggest that we need to transform our concern from the concept of ‘loss of place’ to that of ‘place alienation’. Thus this paper first reconsider the concept of place and related terms such as placelessness, non-place, displacement, place anachorism, and liminal space. Then, this paper tries to formulate the concept of place alienation, applying existing concepts of aliened labour and four type of alienation, commodity fetishism, and reification in the Marxist tradition on the one hand, and defining place alienation as thing’s detachment of or removal from its own place, domination of agency by structural mechanisms in locale, and loss of sense of place or weakening of place affect, in terms of three elements of place, that is, site, locale, and sense of place on the other. Finally this paper reinterprets briefly writings of Heidegger, Arendt, Benjamin, and de Certeau to see and identify significance and possibility of extending the concept of place alienation.