Korean Journal of Psychology: General
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- P-ISSN1229-067X
- E-ISSN2734-1127
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ISSN : 1229-067X
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Vol.28 No.3
Abstract
Crime heavily affects public security regardless of time and area. All these situations considered, precise risk assessment on recidivism helps not only its society, but also criminal defendants in need of rehabilitation. A number of researches on development and use of risk assessment has been conducted in foreign countries whereas there is lack of research on this field in Korea. However, this study attempted to test reliability and validity of risk assessment tool for juvenile delinquents. Also, cut-off scores with better predictive power were explored. Kappa indices which is correlation coefficient between raters were produced in the range of 0.375 to 1.000. And the ICC index of the total score was .96~.98. Results also indicated that score of 12 to have better predictive power than score of 8 which was drawn from previous study in 2005. These results indicated that risk assessment tool for juvenile delinquent can be useful to make recidivism prediction and rehabilitation decision in Korean criminal justice system.
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the differences of emotion regulation strategies with participants depending on individual differences such as sex and personality types. The instruments used for this study included the Emotion Regulation Strategy Questionnaire(ERSQ) and the Personality Test for the undergraduate students. The results were as follows. First, female participants reported experiential strategies more often than male ones. Male participants took not only specific problem-solving action but also addictive activities such as alcohol, cigarette and game more often than female ones. Second, whereas extroverts reported most of adaptive strategies more often than introverts, introverts reported maladaptive ones including “Think negatively” more often than extroverts. Third, feeling types reported experiential strategies more often than thinking types. Thinking types reported “Think actively” and “Take problem-solving action”, and the most active and adaptive strategies more frequently than feeling types. Finally, the implications and limitations of the study and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Abstract
This study examined the possible mediating effects of fear of negative evaluation and self-presentational motivation on the relation between evaluative concern perfectionism and social anxiety. A convenience sample of 157 students from three universities was employed. First, the measurement model yielded evidence of good fit. In addition, analyses of the structural model supported the indirect pathways of fear of negative evaluation and self-presentational motivation, as well as the direct effect of evaluative concern perfectionism. About 76% of variance in social anxiety was explained by evaluative concern perfectionism, fear of negative evaluation, and self-presentational motivation. High perfectionism and high fear of negative evaluation then led to greater social anxiety. Unlike expectations, self-presentational motivation had negative effects on social anxiety, which led to additional analyses to examine the possible suppression effects of self-presentational motivation. Implications for counseling practice and future research are discussed.
Abstract
This study was conducted to explore anaphoric reference resolution of demonstratives in expository text for Korean. For this, the study manipulated three important variables concurrently for anaphoric inference: anaphora type (e.g. repeated noun-phrase, pronoun, demonstratives), antecedent typicality (e.g. typical antecedent and atypical antecedent) and mention order (e.g. first mention and second mention) with two different on-line tasks (e.g. sentence reading task and probe recognition task). In Experiment 1, compared repeated noun-phrase with pronoun, The results suggested that pronoun is more sensitive to typicality and mention order of antecedents than repeated noun-phrase. In Experiment 2, compared with two type of demonstratives: this and that. The results suggested that this and that are sensitive to typicality and mention order. The reference resolution of anaphora is occurred dynamically between demonstratives type and antecedent contexts. These results were discussed from a point of view of spreading-integration elaboration framework in discourse comprehension.
Abstract
Many social scientists have shown keen interest in the way multi-cultural family members adjust themselves to live in Korea. The present study is designed to summarize recent research trends about multi-cultural families in Korea, to critically review contemporary studies' limitations, and to propose future topics for the next decade. Based on complete enumeration, it is suggested that more studies about father's contributions and about adolescent members are needed. Topics such as benefits of multi-cultural experiences, psychopathologies of immigrant members, and development of acculturation styles in Korea are also suggested for possible topics that have not been thoroughly investigated yet. Regardless of research topic, future studies should include Korean control groups in their research design, to warrant appropriate comparisons between immigrant families and native Korean families.
Abstract
The recent counseling and psychotherapy has explored the specific variables causing clients’ clinical changes and made transtheoretical integration efforts in the counseling process aspect. This approach highlights the actual interaction between a counselor and a client and a factor contributing to improvement in the working alliance that anticipates best the result of counseling. The study surveyed metacommunication (Kiesler, 1988, 1996), a transtheoretical therapy technique for the various purposes to intensify the therapeutic alliance between a counselor and a client, to help a client’s self-understanding and insight, and to overcome resistance in counseling, as well as discussed the utility of the technique in counseling and the necessity of related studies. To this end, the study aimed to promote understanding of the technique by defining metacommunication conceptually and looking into the necessity. Next, it examined a stage model for the use of metacommunication and then dealt with the counseling methods and special cautions in counseling. The study also introduced empirical studies related to metacommunication and looked into the relations with related variables in order to prepare the foundation for future empirical studies. Lastly, it summarized the aforementioned synthetically and discussed future research directions.
Abstract
The primary goal of this study was to explore the influence of covert narcissism on social phobia and to examine the mediating effects of social self-efficacy in this relationship. 360 undergraduate students completed an assessment battery consisting of Covert Narcissism Scale(CNS), Social Self-efficacy(SSES), Social Interaction Anxiety Scale(SIAS), and Social Phobia Scale(SPS). Data were analyzed through Structured Equational Modeling(SEM). According to the results, the model hypothesizing partial mediating effects of social self-efficacy showed superior fit indices to the alternative models. Therefore, covert narcissism affected social phobia not only by decreasing social self-efficacy but also by itself. The implications and limitations are discussed along with some suggestions for the studies and clinical practice.
Abstract
This study examined the relationship of self-differentiation, conflict-coping behavior and marital adjustment, and investigated the mediating effects of conflict-coping behavior. The participants of the present study were 289 married men and women. The measuring instrument used were a self-differentiation scale, conflict coping behavior scale and dyadic adjustment scale. The results indicated that the higher the level of self-differentiation is, the more rational coping appears in the circumstances of couples conflict and that the lower the level of self-differentiation is, the more negative emotional expression or physical acting-out and evasion from the conflict mainly comes out as coping strategies. It also shows the result that the better one is self-differentiated, the higher the level of one's marital adjustment is and that the less one is self-differentiated, the lower the level of marital adjustment is. This study verified that conflict-coping behavior has mediating effect in the relation between self-differentiation and marital adjustment. In other words, a self-differentiated person increases marital adjustment through rational coping in the situation of couples conflict, on the other hand, a poorly self-differentiated person lowers marital adjustment through dysfunctional conflict coping strategies like the unfiltered negative emotional expression and physical acting-out or the evasion from conflict situation. The result of this study has significance in that it can offer couples in divorce crisis and future couples suggestions of preventional intervention.
Abstract
Researches report many different measures of reliability to establish accuracy of measurement. Intraclass correlation coefficient and generalizability theory are based on classical test theory and widely used for obtaining reliability measurement. They share some communality, however, they have different assumptions for estimation of reliability measures. If was observed that some measures rooted in different assumptions yield identical values. Also, it was found that definitions of reliability are different across different researchers in the context of intraclass correlation coefficients. In the present study we examined two studies defining the intraclass correlation differently. Also relationships between the reliability measures provided by intraclass correlation coefficient and generalizzbility theory are interpreted in the context of reliability alpha coefficient that is most widely used for a reliability measure.
Abstract
Even though spiritual meaning should be taken into account to fully understand existential meaning, all studies concerning existential meaning in Korea have been focusing solely on personal meaning. Main reason for that is there is no validated scale for measuring spiritual meaning in Korea. The purpose of this study was to validate Korean version of Spiritual Meaning Scale (SMS) which had been originally invented by Mascaro and Rosen (2006). After translating the scale, factorial structure and psychometric properties of the scale were examined. Results showed that SMS-Korean version had stable two-factor structure (‘meaning of life itself’ and ‘awareness of transcendent force’) with acceptable internal consistency, discriminant validity, concurrent validity and incremental validity. And the higher the level of awareness of transcendent force was, the more the relationship between stress and anxiety was reduced significantly. Lastly, the SMS score of the group with religion was slightly higher than non-religion group. Implications and limitation of the study and considerations regarding future study for spiritual meaning were discussed.