Korean Journal of Psychology: General
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- P-ISSN1229-067X
- E-ISSN2734-1127
- KCI
ISSN : 1229-067X
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Vol.32 No.2
Abstract
Two experiments investigated children’s perceptual capacity to detect potential collision impacts. Children from 4 to 12 years of age participated as observers in the study. In Experiment 1, displays depicted either a small car or a large truck approaching the observer against a road-scene background, producing a local perturbation in the visual field. In Experiment 2 displays depicted the observer’s own movement toward obstacles (a global perturbation of the visual field). Simulated approaches were created following the tau-dot hypothesis in which, when tau-dot ≥ -0.5, approaches result in safe stops without collision; but when tau-dot < -0.5, approaches result in collisions with impact. Predefined tau-dot values remained constant throughout each simulated approach. Results demonstrated that 4-6 year olds performed poorly compared with 7-12 year olds. Nevertheless, even the 4 year olds performed consistently with that predicted by the tau-dot hypothesis in Experiment 1 but their performance deteriorated to chance level in Experiment 2. Current child pedestrian safety education focuses on facilitating children’s abilities to cross streets safely by enhancing their sensitivity to optical variables specifying time-to-contact. This research supports developing children’s perceptual capacity to detect potential collision impact as part of these training programs.
Abstract
This study analyses trends in person-centered research of the past 35 years from 1977 to 2012 published in Korean journals by looking at 163 journal articles on a year-by-year bases, based on research topics, subjects, methodology and year of publication. Results are shown in terms of research themes. Theoretical research accounts for the largest share at 29%, followed by outcome research, introductory research, personality & adjustment research, process research, and academic research. In terms of research subjects, the ‘others’ category which includes cases where subjects are unnecessary or unclear accounted for 30%, following in order by Christians, pre-school and primary school children, teenagers and adults. In terms of research methodology, literary review was by far the most common at 56%, while quantitative analysis accounted for 28%. Lastly, in terms of year of publication, 55% of research was published after 2000. This study looks at the meaning and implications of such trends and provides suggestions for the future development of person-centered research in Korea.
Abstract
We examined the diagnostic utility of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) to differentiate patients with Bipolar Disorder (BD) from with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). All participants were diagnosed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I/P). Psychiatric patients diagnosed with either BD (n = 33) or MDD (n = 92) completed the MMPI-2 and the MMPI-2-RF scale scores were derived from the MMPI-2 protocols. The results showed that Thought Dysfunction, Behavioral/Externalizing Dysfunction, Antisocial Behavior, Dysfunctional Negative Emotions, Aberrant Experience, Hypomanic Activation, Juvenile Conduct Problem, Substance Abuse, Aggression, Activation, Aggressiveness-Revised, Psychoticism-Revised, Disconstraint-Revised scales were significantly higher in the patients with BD. Moreover, logistic regression analysis revealed that the Activation scale (ACT) was the most significant predictor to distinguish BD from MDD. Consistent with previous findings, the importance of ACT scale in differentiating BD from MDD was suggested, and several limitations were reported.
Abstract
This study was purposed to explore Korean elderly's conflict with personal relationships. For this, we examined elderly's conflicts with spouse and adult children that were elderly's primary personal relationships. confirmed the areas of conflict, and tested gender differences of it. 115 elderly people(the average age 68.99) who were over 60 years old, had a spouse were participated for this study. The main findings of this study were as follows. First, areas of marital conflict in the elderly consisted of marital relationships, communal living, intra-individual, relationships of other family except spouse relationship. Second, in marital conflict, men and women differed from two areas of marital relationship and intra-individual. Third, areas of conflict with adult children consisted of relationships, chlidren‘s independence and self-management, grandchildren. Fourth, in conflict with adult children, in all areas, women was experienced more conflict.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of secure attachment on conflict resolution strategies and relationship satisfaction in romantic relationships. This study also applied the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model(APIM; Kenny, 1996) to analyze dyadic data. For this purpose, sample of 131 non-married adult couples in ongoing romantic relationships were asked to complete Revised Adult Attachment Sale(RAAS), Rahim Organizational Conflict Inventory(ROCI-Ⅱ), and Relationship Satisfaction Scale. Structural equation modeling is used. The result were as follows. First, there were gender difference in secure attachment, conflict resolution strategies and relationship satisfaction. Second, secure attachment for women positively affected their own conflict resolution, relationship satisfaction, and relationship satisfaction for men. Whereas secure attachment for men did not have an effect on conflict resolution strategies and relationship satisfaction.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of career coaching on the concepts of career in college students. In each group, experiment and control group, 36 College students were tested by dysfunctional career thoughts, career maturity and career decision-making self-efficacy. The results of Mixed ANOVA were represented that students of experimental group were have more positive career relative concepts than those of control group in both post and follow test. This study was suggested that coaching program was able to affect Business effectiveness as well as career relative concepts.
Abstract
This study was aimed to identify the moderating effects of cognitive emotional regulation on the between Trauma related emotions and situation-specific forgiveness. The participants were 135 adults(to meet the diagnostic criteria for Complex PTSD) aged over 18. Collected data from the adults were analyzed with various types of methods including descriptive analysis, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. As a result, trauma related emotions had a negative relation with situation-specific forgiveness. At the same time, adaptive emotion regulation lacked any relation with situation-specific forgiveness and maladaptive emotion regulation(except self-blame) had a negative relation with situation-specific forgiveness. The result from multiple analyses suggested that adaptive emotion regulation refocuses on planning and acceptance moderated between trauma related emotions and situation-specific forgiveness. In addition, acceptance moderated between betrayal (fear, alienation) and situation-specific forgiveness, adaptive emotion regulation, refocuses on planning, acceptance and self-blame moderated between anger and situation-specific forgiveness. Also, adaptive emotion regulation creates positive refocusing and positive reappraisal moderated between shame and situation-specific forgiveness. This study was demonstrated as a role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies as a moderator against trauma related emotions leading forgiveness, which implies that the intervention of emotion regulation strategies should be changes according to trauma related emotions level in counseling sessions. Limitations of the results and suggestions for future research wasdiscussed.
Abstract
Current research explored how power influences ethical decision and policy decision. In contrast to a plenty of research making it possible to postulate that power leads one to make unethical decision, a few studies have suggested that the relation between power and ethical decision be not simple like that. The author conducted 2 experiments to test the idea that the powerless show more outcome-based (consequentialist) ethical decision than the powerful do. In addition, it was another aim of this research to test that perceived gains and risks would mediate the relationship between power and ethical decision. In both study 1 (using 3 ethical business scenarios) and study 2 (using 3 policy scenarios), low power increases outcome-based decisions, whereas high power increases rule-based decisions, as expected. Also, the mediation effect of perceived gains is found, but the one of perceived risk is not. The implications and limitations of this study and the directions for the future research were discussed.