Space and Environment
- P-ISSN1225-6706
- E-ISSN2733-4295
- KCI
ISSN : 1225-6706
Vol.32 No.2
Abstract
This paper argues for the need to adopt a historical point of view in studies on place and placeness. In particular, the need to trace the historicity of place assets through the expansion of the temporal frame and by reconciling the historicity of ‘The Other’ was maintained, and related case studies were presented. In the first case study, by comparing the past and present of the ‘educational migration’ phenomenon at Daejeong, in Jeju Island, the necessity of tracing the historicity of place assests and the need to imbue the perspective of The Other of a specific place with historicity was presented. In the second case study, by tracing the events of foreign exchange and the migration and settlement of foreigners in the Ulsan region, spanning from prehistoric times to the present, it was proposed that the location characteristics this place could be defined as ‘the hub of international exchange’. Through this, the author argues that adopting the lens of a ‘historical perspective’, the study of placeness could be intensified and new types of placeness could be discovered. However, in this paper, rather than using a historical sense of ‘placeness’ as a tool to explain present-day phenomena, it was regarded as a resource that could contribute to the design and implementation of future visions.
Abstract
In comparative historical sociology, categorized as a sub-discipline within sociology, urban studies have often been the subject of debate. This is due mainly to the lack of research on non-Western or premodern cities and Eurocentric perspective. In this study, I introduced the Marxist and Weberian approach, which were conducted under the name of (comparative) urban studies, and then showed their epistemological and methodological drawbacks. Afterwards, as an alternative to Eurocentrism, I presented ‘provincializing Europe’, and ‘humaninistic reflection on the space.’ Indeed, as a strategy to make up for the lack of urban research in the non-Western and pre-modern ereas, I introduced ‘global urban dynamcis based on connected histories.’ Given that these alternatives enables us to use idiographic approach and thick descriptions of non-European and premodern cities and look at various aspects of in inter-city connectivity in a macroscopic and holistic contet, it will shed valuable light on the comparatitive urban studies.
Abstract
I situate my project within critical and interdisciplinary frameworks of cultural politics of strangers and otherness that approach the relationship between community, transnational urbanism, and globalization. Much of the existing literature on communities assume that a community shares a singular identity and delineates its spatial and cultural boundaries accordingly. This way of representation of ethnic communities, however, only results in naturalizing ethnic communities and clear distinction about who is the host group and who are ‘strangers.’ Like Young (1990) who asserts the politics of difference, the ideal of community is dismissed because it denies and represses any kinds of social differences. However, rather than dismissing the notion of community, this research suggests a “community of strangers” as a new perspective of the community. This perspective depends on the philosophical discussion surrounding the “inoperative community” (Nancy, 1991), which means that, rather than as a goal to be accomplished, a community just exists by sharing infinitudes of human beings, specifical contemporaneity in terms of spatial and temporal limits. The notion of a community of strangers, while deconstructing the traditional meaning attached to the community, aims to show that people with heterogeneous backgrounds, who are strangers to each other, can belong to a community without having to share sameness.
Abstract
We explores the meaning of queer safe space by focusing on how LGBTQ youth who are excluded from school discover, experience, and attempt to build a new safe space outside of school. In South Korean society, LGBTQ youth routinely experience hate speech, discrimination, and violence at classroom. They also repeatedly experience hateful reaction from the resources they have access to, such as teachers, counseling programs, and out-of-school youth support systems, and come to the conclusion that they can not trust or rely on the school. Whereas the LGBTQ community outside the school can function as a safe space that provides a sense of belonging and social networks to LGBTQ youth. Accordingly, this study conducts in-depth interview with 25 LGBTQ youth and analyzes their experiences at schools, online and offline LGBTQ communities. Specifically, we analyze how LGBTQ youth experience discrimination and exclusion at school, how they discover various safe spaces outside of school and how these spaces are signified, and what kind of practice they continue to build alternative safe spaces. In conclusion, we reveal that queer safe space is closely related to community building from the perspective of exclusion and belonging, and ultimately argue that overall public areas, including schools, should be reexamined from the perspective of queer safe spaces.
Abstract
This study reviewed the changes in inclusivity through Korean urban planning history by examining Seoul Comprehensive Urban Plans. 12 occasions related to inclusivity were derived, and the triadic model of the state-civil society-the market was used to study what kinds of interactions between the three spheres enhance inclusivity in planning. The results show that inclusivity of Korean urban planning has generally expanded, and in particular, political democratization and the implementation of local autonomy have served as decisive opportunities. While after the democratization in 1987, the expanded neoliberal market was a threat to inclusivity, the growth of civil society was also an opportunity to promote inclusivity by engaging in planning and governance. In addition, as the power of the city government expanded, the city government, which had a close relationship with local civil society, took inclusionary initiatives ahead of the central government. When the state with reduced power cooperated with the market, the inclusivity of planning retreated or stagnated. However, when the three agents cooperated with the state using the market mechanism or attracting civil society to the market domain, the inclusivity expanded. These findings suggest that social movement in civil society is crucial in promoting inclusivity in urban planning.
Abstract
This study defined the urban phenomenon in which city functions are dependent on the mobility of things such as the ‘delivery city phenomenon’. Its macroscopic and spatial characteristics were qualitatively studied through the concept of a taskscape that allowed more three-dimensional observation of the urban landscape. This centered on the behavior and interaction of actors. The core of the study was to observe and analyze the city’s appearance according to the phenomenon using the framework of macro-spatial taskscape. Through the study, it was confirmed that the urban structure changed in a way that formed a physical and spatial infrastructure. This supported the mobility of things in accordance with the complete transition of the spatial background of consumption from face-to-face to non-face to face according to COVID-19. In further detail, logistics warehouses fixed to the surface continue to move logistics. Roads functioned as labor spaces for delivery workers, and doors functioned as both entrances of private living spaces and receiving spaces recipients and deliverers can meet are examples of the changes. This study aims to bring up ‘delivery city’ as a conversation topic by observing this phenomenon. It follows the path of the mobility of things and analyses the city’s scape through a multilateral perspective.
Abstract
This study aims to explore housing choices of young adults in the commercialization and financialization of housing. Such growing housing phenomena lead to not only young adults in housing anxiety but also delayed independence towards full adulthood in social and economic aspects. In the contexts, this study collected interview data from 30-somethings, which were a series of housing experiences according to life-course. The participants in this study had tried to attain social and economic autonomy regardless of departure from their parental home or not; simultaneously, the uncertainty of the labour and housing markets resulted in a longer and heavier reliance on parental financial support. Indeed, the material support from parents had played an important role in life transitions toward adulthood. Parental perceptions and financial abilities often were reasons young adults experienced inadequate housing. Meanwhile, the Korean government has attempted to generalize access to the financial market in order to keep the conventional housing ladder. Nevertheless, the participants had relied deeper on debt and parental finance; otherwise, poor housing was experienced by those who could not meet credit criteria.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to identify the needs of long-term public rental housing tenants and to specify the needs for tenant support services. Therefore, in-depth interviews were conducted with tenants and were analyzed by using the grounded theory methodology. Based on the analysis, the needs for support services were proposed in two categories: individual services and community services. Individual services mainly focus on supporting households at risk of isolation, prioritizing elderly and disabled tenants in the necessity, depending on the characteristics of the household. In respect of community revitalization among community services, a program to systematize the operation of the tenant organization and to reduce anti-social behavior is required. To participate in housing management, it is necessary to create an environment in which the representatives and self-sufficient organizations can cooperate for the residents. In addition, transparency should be ensured in the decision-making process within the estates. The categories of support services and tenants’ needs derived from this study will be usefully utilized as a framework for support service development and mid to long-term planning.
Abstract
This study explores the causes of poor walking environment in Korean society from the perspective of the politics of the commons. To this end, media articles were analyzed from 1920s, when the use of modern transportation began in earnest, to 1990s, when some new apartment complexes with improved and differentiated pedestrian environment appeared in Korea. Through a discourse analysis on media articles, the process and causes of socially reconstructed meaning of the roads as the commons and walking on the roads in the process of modernization in Korea were examined. With the introduction of modern public transportation, the road that used to exist as a commons has undergone changes. In the development era of the 1960s and 1980s, the modern meaning of roads and walking was changed, and the meaning was reduced to ‘road = passage.’ There were three main reasons for this reduction in meaning: the demand for a ‘life revolution’ on the road, the spaced violence by the authoritarian state, and growth-centric economic development. After the 1990s, the roads as a commons were restored along with the pedestrian rights movement. On the other hand, the polarization of the pedestrian environment and distortion of the commons in neighboring residential areas were found mainly in the newly constructed apartment complexes. This study is meaningful in clarifying the socially reconstructed process of the meaning of roads as commons and enhancing imagination to improve the walking environment in the future.
Abstract
The present article seeks to elucidate British feminist economist Diane Elson’s interpretation on Marx’s theory of value. According to Elson, the object of the theory is not a value in a capitalist society, but the historically specific determination of labour-form. In this reagrd, she cleverly distinguishes between the labour theory of value and the value theory of labour, and then presents the latter as Marx’s theory of value. And her interpretation has been adopted and utilised by David Harvy and Bob Jessop that is influencial in the field of critical human geography. For this reason, an understadning of her interpretation on Marx’s theory of value is indispensable for an understadning of Harvey and/or Jessop’s theoretical work. Nevertheless, Elson’s work has been ignored in this country. In this regard, this article unambiguates her interpretation on Marx’s theory of value and explicates its impacts on Harvey and Jessop’s work.