ISSN : 1226-9654
인지심리학 연구에 있어서 이중언어의 언어체계에 관해서는 두 언어의 어휘집이 분리 표상되어 있다는 모형과 통합되어 있다는 모형이 대치되어왔다. 또한 뇌 영상 연구에 있어서도 뇌 손상 환자를 대상으로 한 연구에서는 분리 표상을, 정상인을 대상으로 한 연구에서는 통합 표상을 지지하는 상반된 견해가 존재한다. 본 연구에서는 제2언어인 영어에서 높은 유창성을 보이는 후기 이중언어습득자를 대상으로 한국어-영어 어휘판단과제를 하는 동안 활성화된 뇌 부위를 분석함으로써 한국어-영어 이중언어자의 어휘체계를 알아보고자 실시되었다. 각 언어를 처리할 때 활성화된 부위를 분석한 결과, 한국어 처리에는 좌반구의 전설소엽, 설소엽, 중중심회와 우반구의 내전두회가, 영어 처리에는 좌반구의 하전두회 일부, 중측두회와 우반구의 상전두회가 활성화되었다. 이러한 결과를 이중언어의 어휘체계가 별도로 존재함을 시사하는 것이라고 해석하였다.
Recent neuroimaging studies have drawn a heterogeneous picture on the cerebral organization of a first language(L1) and a second language(L2). There had been some evidences that L1 and L2 are supported by identical brain regions, whereas contradictory results indicate a differential cerebral organization for L1 and L2. The purpose of the present paper is to see whether brain region activation during lexical decision tasks represents any spatial distinction between L1 and L2. To examine whether the two languages are represented in distinct or overlapping areas of the brain, we applied functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Twelve right-handed Korean-English bilingual students were scanned during the lexical decision tasks. The cortical activations were compared with the eye fixation(baseline) condition. The contrast between the two languages(Korean, English) in the LDT task against baseline(Fig. 1) indicates the two languages are both represented bilaterally. The activated areas in Korean task were the bilateral IFG, the left cingulated gyrus, the postcentral gyrus and right insula. In English task, the bilateral inferior, medial and middle fronal gyri, the left postcentral gyrus, the left superior parietal gyrus, and fusiform gyrus were involved. It seemed that in the Korean-English late bilinguals lexical processing, distinct bilateral areas are recruited. It suggests the lexicon of the later acquired language should be represented some other place near the native tongue.
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