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ISSN : 1226-9654

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Vol.18 No.1

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공감, 정서와 동기 유형 및 심장반응

Empathy, Affective and Motivational Style, and Cardiac Responses

한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물 / The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, (P)1226-9654; (E)2733-466X
2006, v.18 no.1, pp.21-37
정봉교 (영남대학교)
김지연 (영남대학교)
정봉교, & 김지연. (2006). 공감, 정서와 동기 유형 및 심장반응. 한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물, 18(1), 21-37.

초록

본 연구는 공감과 관련된 정서적, 동기적 및 생리적 요인을 알아보려고 수행되었다. 연구 1은 자기보고식 측정에 의해 정서 및 동기 유형과 공감간의 관계를 알아보았다. 상관 및 경로분석 결과, 긍정적 정서와 행동활성화는 높은 공감수준과 관련이 있는 반면에, 부정적 정서와 행동억제는 공감의 결손과 관련이 있었다. 연구 2는 정서 자극에 노출되는 동안 공감수준이 심장 반응성에 미치는 효과를 관찰하였다. 실험참가자는 공감검사를 통해서 높은 집단과 낮은 집단으로 구분되었으며, 휴식기 기저선, 정서자극인 중립, 슬픔 및 기쁨 동영상을 보는 동안 자신의 정서 상태를 보고하였고, 동시에 심장활동이 기록되었다. 그 결과, 공감수준이 높은 사람은 낮은 사람보다 정서자극 유형에 더 적절한 주관적 정서를 보고하였고, 정서 자극을 보는 동안 부교감 활동을 반영하는 호흡 공동 부정맥(RSA)에서 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. 여성은 남성보다 기저선 및 정서 자극에 대해 RSA의 감소를 나타내었다. 결론적으로 높은 공감능력은 긍정적 정서와 행동활성화를 바탕으로 하는 일반적인 긍정적 성격특질을 포함하고 있고, 또한 정서자극의 유인가에 따른 적절한 정서반응에 관여한다고 볼 수 있다. 공감 연구에 있어서 정서와 동기 유형 그리고 RSA의 중요성이 논의되었다.

keywords
Empathy, PA, NA, BAS, BIS, HRV, RSA, 공감, 긍정적 정서, 부정적 정서, 행동활성화, 행동억제, 호흡 공동 부정맥, Empathy, PA, NA, BAS, BIS, HRV, RSA

Abstract

Two studies were conducted to investigate the affective, motivational and physiological correlates of empathy. In study 1, participants completed PANAS, BAS/BIS and empathy scales. the data were summarized through both correlational analysis and path analysis method. BAS was significantly associated with empathy, but both NA and BIS were equally related to alexithymia. The capacity for empathy was inversely related alexithymia. In study 2, the effects of empathy, emotional stimuli and sex on heart rate variability(HRV) were examined. participants were assigned to either high empathy group or low empathy group based on empathy test score. During baseline and viewing the video clips, HRV was recorded by means of electrocardiograph. Participants who had higher empathy reported more relevant subjective feeling and exhibited more significant reduction of respiratory sinus arrhythmia(RSA) level during viewing emotional video clips than those who had lower empathy. Heart rate and low-frequency power spectral density(LF PSD) were unrelated to empathy. Women showed higher reduction of RSA　level to the emotional video clips than men. These findings suggests that empathy is associated with global positive personality traits and high level of empathy is related with high degree of RSA reactivity to emotional stimuli. Implications for the study of affective and motivational style and RSA in empathy were discussed.

keywords
Empathy, PA, NA, BAS, BIS, HRV, RSA, 공감, 긍정적 정서, 부정적 정서, 행동활성화, 행동억제, 호흡 공동 부정맥, Empathy, PA, NA, BAS, BIS, HRV, RSA

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