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Vol.23 No.4

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The effect of Aging on Retrieval of Orthographic Knowledge

The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology / The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, (P)1226-9654; (E)2733-466X
2011, v.23 no.4, pp.549-564
https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2011.23.4.005


& (2011). The effect of Aging on Retrieval of Orthographic Knowledge. The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, 23(4), 549-564, https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2011.23.4.005

Abstract

Previous research has shown that language function is relatively robust against aging. However, this suggestion is mainly about vocabulary and semantic processes, and the aging effect on subsystems in language such as phonology and orthography is less known. Transmission Deficit hypothesis predicted that phonology and orthography are more sensitive to aging compared to semantics. In this study we studied the aging effect on the retrieval of orthographic knowledge in Korean using the spelling task. Two variables were manipulated: participants were younger or older adults, and stimuli were the words with phonological change or not. Participants heard recorded words over headphones and were instructed to spell each word in Hangul as accurately as possible. The main results were as follows. First, older adults exhibited lower accuracy than young adults in the retrieval of orthographic knowledge. Second, the accuracy decreased for the words with phonological change than for the words without phonological change. Third, there were larger age differences for the words with phonological change than for the words without phonological change. This result indicates that aging causes difficulty in the retrieval of orthographic knowledge in Korean, and this difficulty increases when words involve phonological change and as a result, sound and spelling of words are not matched.

keywords
aging, retrieval of orthographic knowledge, language production, older adults, young adults, phonological change, spelling task, Korean, Hangul, 노화, 철자 정보 산출, 노인, 청년, 음운변화, 받아쓰기 과제, 한국어

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