바로가기메뉴

본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기

logo

ISSN : 1226-9654

Article Contents

Prev Next
e-Submission

Vol.25 No.4
Citation Share

Understanding the Properties of Visual Working Memory Consolidation and Comparison Processes Examined by Simultaneous- and Backward-Masking Manipulation

The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology / The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, (P)1226-9654; (E)2733-466X
2013, v.25 no.4, pp.403-424
https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2013.25.4.002


& (2013). Understanding the Properties of Visual Working Memory Consolidation and Comparison Processes Examined by Simultaneous- and Backward-Masking Manipulation. The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, 25(4), 403-424, https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2013.25.4.002
  • Downloaded
  • Viewed
PDF Download

Abstract

The present study aimed to examine the properties of VWM consolidation and comparison processes according to the interference driven by simultaneous and backward masks against sample and test items in a color-change detection task. To accomplish this, we displayed the mask stimuli that would superimpose either the sample or test items, simultaneously with or immediately after the sample or test items respectively. When the simultaneous masks were displayed, change detection accuracies in each sample- and test-mask condition rapidly decreased as the display setsize increased. However, when the backward masks were displayed, the change detection was relatively efficient for the test-mask condition compared with the sample-mask condition. When there was no mask, the detection accuracy was much higher than when the masks were present. The strong interference against the sample items observed both in the simultaneous- and backward-mask conditions shows that there is an information-processing bottleneck in the VWM consolidation process. Whereas the evident interference against the test items by the simultaneous-mask rather than by the backward-mask indicates that just as in visual search, the VWM comparison process may undergo a detection process for a salient pop-out elicited by a distinct visual difference across memory and perception.

keywords
visual working memory, simultaneous mask, backward mask, consolidation, comparison, 시각작업기억, 동시차폐, 역행차폐, 공고화, 비교

Reference

1.

한지은, 현주석 (2011). 역행 차폐를 통해 본 시각작업기억의 공고화 및 비교처리 과정. 인지과학, 22(4), 365-384.

2.

현주석 (2009). 기억 표상과 지각적 입력 간 비교 과정을 통해 본 시각작업기억 표상의 특성. 한국심리학회지 인지 및 생물, 21(4), 265-282.

3.

현주석 (2010). 세부특징부재 탐색과제에서 네-점 차폐와 역행패턴 차폐가 표적 변별에 미치는 영향. 한국심리학회지 인지 및 생물, 22(4), 494-511.

4.

Agam, Y., Hyun, J.-S., Danker, J. F., Zhou, F., Kahana, M., & Sekuler, R. (2009). Early neural signature of visual short-term memory. NeuroImage, 44(2), 531-536.

5.

Atkinson, R. C., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1968). Human memory: A proposed system and its control processes. In K. W. Spence (Ed.), The Psychology of Learning and Motivation: Advances in Research and Theory Volume 2 (pp.89-195). New York: Academic Press

6.

Breitmeyer, B. G., & Ogmen, H. (2000). Recent models and findings in visual backward masking: A comparison, review, and update. Perception & psychophysics, 62(8), 1572-1595.

7.

Breitmeyer, B. G. (1984). Visual Masking: An Integrative Approach. New York: Oxford University Press

8.

Cowan, N. (2001). The magical number 4 in short-term memory: A reconsideration of mental storage capacity. Behavioral and brain sciences, 24(1), 87-114.

9.

Cowan, N. (2008). What are the differences between long-term, short-term, and working memory? Progress in brain research, 169, 323-338.

10.

Di Lollo, V. (1980). Temporal integration in visual memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 109, 75-97.

11.

Di Lollo, V., Enns, J. T., & Rensink, R. A. (2002). Object substitution without reentry? Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 131(4), 594-596.

12.

Dosher, B. A., & Lu, Z.-L. (2000). Noise exclusion in spatial attention. Psychological Science, 11(2), 139-146.

13.

Duncan, J., & Humphreys, G. W. (1989). Visual search and stimulus similarity. Psychological review, 96(3), 433-458.

14.

Enns, J. T. (2004). Object substitution and its relation to other forms of visual masking. Vision research, 44(12), 1321-1331.

15.

Enns, J. T., & Di Lollo, V. (2000). What’s new in visual masking? Trends in cognitive sciences, 4(9), 345-352.

16.

Eriksen, C. W. (1980). The use of a visual mask may seriously confound your experiment. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 28(1), 89-92.

17.

Giesbrecht, B., & Di Lollo, V. (1998). Beyond the attentional blink: visual masking by object substitution. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 24(5), 1454-1466.

18.

Hyun, J.-s., Woodman, G. F., Vogel, E. K., Hollingworth, A., & Luck, S. J. (2009). The comparison process of visual working memory representations with perceptual inputs. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 35(4), 1140-1160.

19.

Irwin, D. E. (1991). Information integration across saccadic eye movements. Cognitive psychology, 23(3), 420-456.

20.

Irwin, D. E. (1992). Memory for position and identity across eye movements. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 18(2), 307-317.

21.

Jolicœur, P., & Dell'Acqua, R. (1998). The demonstration of short-term consolidation. Cognitive psychology, 36(2), 138-202.

22.

Kahana, M. J., & Sekuler, R. (2002). Recognizing spatial patterns: a noisy exemplar approach. Vision Research, 42, 2177-2192.

23.

Luck, S. J., & Vogel, E. K. (1997). The capacity of visual working memory for features and conjunctions. Nature, 390(6657), 279-281.

24.

Scheerer, E. (1973). Integration, interruption and processing rate in visual backward masking. Psychologische Forschung, 36(1), 71-93.

25.

Shiffrin, R. M., & Atkinson, R. C. (1969). Storage and retrieval processes in long-term memory. Psychological Review, 76(2), 179-193.

26.

Thorpe, S., Fize, D., & Marlot, C. (1996). Speed of processing in the human visual system. Nature, 381, 520-522.

27.

Treisman, A. (1988). Features and objects: The fourteenth Bartlett memorial lecture. The quarterly journal of experimental psychology, 40(2), 201-237.

28.

Vogel, E. K., Woodman, G. F., & Luck, S. J. (2001). Storage of features, conjunctions, and objects in visual working memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 27(1), 92-114.

29.

Vogel, E. K., Woodman, G. F., & Luck, S. J. (2006). The time course of consolidation in visual working memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 32(6), 1436-1451.

30.

Wolfe, J. M. (1998). Visual search. In H. Pashler (Ed.), Attention (pp.13-73). Hove, England UK: Psychology Press/Erlbaum (Uk) Taylor & Francis

31.

Woodman, G. F., & Luck, S. J. (2003). Dissociations among attention, perception, and awareness during object-substitution masking. Psychological Science, 14(6), 605-611.

The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology

e-Submission OA Policy