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ISSN : 1226-9654

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Vol.16 No.1

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한국어-영어 이중언어 문장 의미 처리의 신경적 기초: 기능적자기 공명 영상연구

The Neural Basis of Bilingual Sentence Comprehension in Korean-English Late Bilinguals

한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물 / The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, (P)1226-9654; (E)2733-466X
2004, v.16 no.1, pp.61-75
이승복 (충북대학교)
연은경 (한국교육개발원)
윤효운 (한국과학기술연구원)
이승복, 연은경, & 윤효운. (2004). 한국어-영어 이중언어 문장 의미 처리의 신경적 기초: 기능적자기 공명 영상연구. 한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물, 16(1), 61-75.

초록

본 연구에서는 한국어-영어 이중언어자가 문장을 처리할 때 활성화되는 뇌 영역을 검토해보고자, 문장의 의미판단과제를 하는 동안 기능적 자기공명영상을 촬영하였다. 실험과제에서의 활성화를 통제과제인 순서판단과제로 감산하여 문장의 의미처리에 관여하는 피질 영역만을 계산하고자 SPM 99를 사용하여 분석하였다. 한국어 문장을 처리하는 동안에는 좌반구 하전두회(left inferior frontal gyrus)와 좌반구 상측두회, 중측두회(left superior and middle temporal gyrus), 그리고 양반구 lingual gyrus, 좌반구 cuneus의 활성화가 관찰되었다. 영어 과제를 하는 동안에도 역시 좌반구 하전두회(left inferior frontal gyrus)가 활성화되었고, 좌반구 내전두회(left medial frontal gyrus), 좌반구 lingual gyrus와 좌반구 cuneus도 활성화되었다. 전두엽과 후두엽 영역에서는 두 언어과제에 공통부위의 활성화가 관찰되었다. 한국어(L1) 과제에서 측두엽의 활성화가 특히 주목되었는데, 이는 통사판단과제에서도 L1인 한국어 처리에서만 관찰된 부위이기 때문이다. 이 두 연구의 결과로 본다면, L1의 처리는 측두엽에서, L2의 처리는 전두엽에서 좀더 주관되는 것으로 시사된다. 이중언어에 대한 추후 연구에서는 이 두 영역에 초점을 맞추어 이러한 차이가 실재하는 것인지 좀더 분명히 살펴볼 필요가 있겠다.

keywords
bilingualism, Korean(L1), English(L2), semantic processing, syntactic processing, cortical activation, functional MRI, frontal lobe, temporal lobe, 이중언어, 한국어(L1), 영어(L2), 의미처리, 통사처리, 뇌 활성화, 기능적 자기공명영상, 전두엽, 측두엽

Abstract

We applied fMRI to examine the bilingual brain activation at semantic aspects of sentence processing, in order to compare our previous study on syntactic processing(Lee et al. 2002). In semantic decision task, the visually presented sentences were judged based on the semantic appropriateness. The cortical activations were compared with the control task, which was ordering judgment task with the sentences of the same length. The SPM99 was employed to analyze the results obtained. The activated areas were calculated by the substraction method. While processing the Korean sentences, the left inferior frontal gyrus, the bilateral lingual gyrus, the left cuneus, and the left superior and middle temporal gyrus were activated. While doing the tasks in English, the areas were the left inferior frontal gyrus, the left medial frontal gyrus, the left lingual gyrus and the left cuneus. There were some overlapping regions in frontal and occipital regions. However, it was noted that the superior and middle temporal gyrus were activated in Korean(L1). The frontal region was more activated in English(L2). We(Lee et al, 2002) have found the same result in the syntactic judgment task. Both of the previous and present results suggest that the L1 processing was more involved in the temporal region and L2 in frontal region. Further studies on bilingualism would be focused on these two regions to examine whether the acquisition age difference really exists or not.

keywords
bilingualism, Korean(L1), English(L2), semantic processing, syntactic processing, cortical activation, functional MRI, frontal lobe, temporal lobe, 이중언어, 한국어(L1), 영어(L2), 의미처리, 통사처리, 뇌 활성화, 기능적 자기공명영상, 전두엽, 측두엽

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한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물

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